QUERCUS.] CVPVLIFEEJE. 165 



Q. SERRATA, Tkunb. A handsome deciduous oak of the Central and 

 E. Himalaya. It has been planted in Dehra Dun where it thrives. 

 The wood closely resembles that of the English oak, and is much 

 valued. This tree is found also in China and Japan. 



CASTANEA VULGARIS, Lamk. ; Brandts For. Fl. 491 ; Ind. Trees 635 ; 

 DC. UOrig. PL Cult. 283; Gamble Man. 667. C. vesca, Gcertn. 

 C. sativa, Mill. Sweet chestnut. Many attempts have been made to 

 introduce this tree for cultivation on the outer ranges of the Hima- 

 laya. Gamble remarks that the most successful results have been 

 obtained at comparatively low elevations (3-5,000 ft.) with a northern 

 aspect, and where the rainfall is not excessive. Also a good sandy 

 soil rather than a clayey one appears to suit the trees best. The 

 plantations which were started many years ago in Dehra Dun have 

 been fairly successful, but the nuts are smaller than those yielded by 

 the European tree and are inferior in quality. It resembles more 

 nearly the fruit of the tree as grown in Japan and N. America. 



CIII. SALICACEJE. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves deciduous, alternate, 3-5-nerved at the 

 base, stipulate. Flowers in catkins, one within each bract, diceci- 

 ous, rarely monoecious or androgynous, bracteoles none. Perianth 

 none. Disk of one or more scales or glands, or cupular. MALE 

 flowers : Stamens 2 or more, filaments free or connate ; anthers 

 ovate-oblong, bursting longitudinally. FEM. flowers : Ovary sessile 

 or stipitate, 1 -celled, style short or no^e ; stigmas short, notched or 

 lobed ; ovules few or many, on 2-4 subbasal or parietal placentas, 

 erect, anatropous. Fruit, an ovoid or lanceolate 2-4-valved capsule. 

 Seeds few or many, funicle with a pencil of long silky deciduous 

 hairs, albumen none, cotyledons plano-convex ; radicle short, in- 

 ferior. Species about 180, chiefly in N. temperate regions. 



SALIX, Linn. ; Fl. Brit, Ind. v, 626. 



Trees or shrubs, sometimes small and prostrate. Leaves usu- 

 ally narrow or small, entire or serrulate, penni nerved ; stipules 

 various. Flowers small, dioecious, sessile, in erect, usually dense 

 catkins ; bracts small, entire or rarely toothed. Perianth none. 

 Disk of 2 scales, anterior or posterior, or of one posterior scale, 



