SMILAX.] LIL1ACEM. 261 



Sub -Himalayan tracts from Dehra Dun eastwards to Rohilkhand and 

 N. Oudh and Gorakhpur ; also in Sal forests on the Siwalik range. 

 Flowers in the rainy season. DISTRIB. : Trop. Him. eastwards 

 from Kumaon to Assam, Bengal and Burma, and south to Central 

 Provinces and Konkan, extending to Java. The root of this plant 

 is pounded and the flour is made into bread at Bulrampur in N. Oudh 

 (Burkill). The stem yields a strong fibre suitable for making brushes, 

 and the thinner* stems are much used as tooth-sticks (Kanjilal). 



2. S. Roxburghiana, W all. Cat. 5115 ; F. B. I. vi, 311 ; Prain- 

 Beng. PL 1071. 



A large prickly climber with smooth terete branches, branchlets 4- 

 angled. Leaves 5-8 in. long, oblong ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 

 rounded cordate or cuneate at the base and with a bluntly acuminate 

 tip, 3 -5 -cost ate from above the base ; petiole rather slender, with 2 

 large coriaceous broad indistinctly reticulate auricles below the 

 middle ; the auricles of the old leaves 1-1 in., produced behind into 

 rounded lobes embracing the branch. Umbels many-flowered, 2-3 

 on a common peduncle, which is bracteate at the base. Pedicels 

 of female flowers J in. long, slender. Staminodes 3. Stigmas long, 

 recurved. Berries $ in. in diam. Seeds 2, hemispheric, or solitary 

 and globose. 



Sub-Himalayan tracts of Rohilkhand and N. Oudh (Duthie). DISTRIB. : 

 Trop. Himalaya from Garhwal eastwards ; also in Bengal on Paras - 

 nath, in Chota Nagpur, Chittagong and on the Khasia Hills. 



3. S. prolifera, Eoxb. Fl. Ind. Hi, 795 ; F. B. I. vi, 312 ; Watt 

 E. D. ; Prain Beng. PL 1071 ; Kanjilal For. FL (ed. 2), 407 ; 

 Gamble Man. 724 ; Brandis Ind. Trees 641. S. laurifolia, Eoxb. 

 I. c. 793. S. ovalifolia, A. DC. Mon. i, 199 (not of Eoxb.).Vern. 

 Edmdatoun (Dehra Dun), Kumari (Behar). 



A stout climbing shrub with prickly stem. Leaves variable, 4-5 in. 

 long, oblong ovate or orbicular, coriaceous, nerves 3-7 from above 

 the rounded or subcordate base ; petiole 1-2 in. long, its sheath 

 auricled at the base and amplexicaul round the stem ; tendrils 2-4 in. 

 long. Umbels 10 or more, many-flowered ; peduncles f -1J in. long ; 

 pedicels about \ in. long. Sepals % i n - l n g> oblong-lanceolate. 

 Petals as long but narrower. Stamens as long as sepals. Staminodes 

 of female flower 3. Ovary oblong ; stigmas deciduous. Berry 

 oblong or globose, red when ripe. 



Common on the Siwalik range in the Dehra Dun and Saharanpur divi- 

 sions and abundant in the Sub-Himalayan tracts eastwards chiefly 

 in sal forests. Flowers in September and October, and the fruit 



