HICKORY ASSOCIATION 



235 



trees and the walking-stick (Diapheromera femorala) (40) is common. 

 One of the most characteristic galls is the oak-seed gall (Andricus semi- 

 nator), particularly abundant on white oak of this stage and not common 

 later. Galls are very common on the white oak. The predatory capsid 

 (Hyaliodes vitripennis) (Fig. 213) is usually present on the bark of the 

 oaks, and is often in company with book-lice (Psocus). The squirrels, 

 chipmunks, and birds of this association are similar to those of the next 

 stage and will be discussed there. 



FIG. 214. General view of the white-oak red-oak hickory forest (Glencoe). 



2. 



THE GREEN TIGER-BEETLE OR WHITE OAK-RED OAK-HICKORY 

 ASSOCIATION 



(Stations 56, 64, 65; Tables LIV, LXI) (Fig. 214) 



This is the climax forest of the savanna region. The groves are 

 largely made up of it. Though somewhat disturbed in localities where 

 studied, it presents some variations. Areas along the north shore contain 

 considerable basswood. The Higginbotham woods at Gaugars (Fig. 

 215) contain very few hickories and many maples; this type stands in 

 closer relation to flood-plain and marsh forests than those discussed 

 later. The woods at Suman are well invaded by beech and maple 

 seedlings and represent the latest stages of this forest. It is thought 



