Ixiv. PROIiEGOMENA. 



variations, with the dates of their foundation, as near as 

 may be ascertained with certainty. 



1. Order of St. Benedict, of Clnny, in 940. 



2. Camalduli or White IMonks of St. Romiiald, 



in 1020. 



3. Hermits of St. Roniaald, prob. in 1020. 



4. Congregations of St. Justina, of Padua. 



5. Order of St. Stephen, of Grammont, 1076. 



6. Carthusians, founded by St. Bruno, in 1021, an 



order of great austerity and abstinence from 

 animal food. 



7. Monks of La Trappe, who take in part the Rule 



of St. Benedict, being one of the severest of the 

 Reformations of that Order : the Monks ob- 

 serve silence, and abstain from all but vegetable 

 food. 



8. Monks and Nuns of Font Evraut. 



9. Cistercians, founded by St. Robert, of Moles- 



me, in 1098, at Citeaux, in France, an Order 

 frequent in England. 



10. Bernardines, refor. by St. Bernard. 



11. Monks of Vulombrosa, by St. John Gualbert. 



12. Monks of Monte Virgine. 



13. Humiliati of Milan. 



' 14. Celestins, by St. Peter Celestine, see May 19. 



15. Sylvestrines, founded in 1269. 



16. Olivetans, by St. Bernard Ptolemy, 1320. 



17. Feuillans, founded 1544. 



18. Benedictines of the East. 



19. Congregation of Mount Cassiuo, in 16th cent. ^ 



20. Monks of Font Avellan. 



Among the females of this Order, we find some iu 

 modern times, whose Rules only admitted ladies of noble 

 family, an abuse certainly of the monastic life, as the 



