IXX. PROLEGOMENA. 



3. Carmelite Friars, White Friars, or Carmes, 

 called also Crutched Friars, from the form of the 

 Crosier. The origin of this Order is somewhat ob- 

 scure ; for though regularlj"^ -constituted into a 

 Mendicant Order soon after the year 120.5, they are 

 said originally to have been Syrian Hermits, dwelling 

 on Mount Carmel, once inhabited by Elias, where 

 they erected the first chapel of Our Lady of Mount 

 Carmel ; but they have been brought into Europe 

 since, and were made in a Mendicant Order in 

 the time of Honorius III. This Order, particularly 

 in some of its severe Reformations, spread wonder- 

 fully in England, and through Europe in later days. 

 The Rule is very severe, and forbids any but 

 vegetable food. In 1220, St. Louis, returning from 

 the Holy Land to France, brought some of these 

 Friars ; they, from this time, began to spread. 

 They may be thus divided — 



1. Carmelites of the Antient Rule, a very severe 



Order. 



2. Carmelites of the Rule mitigated by Innocent 



IV. in 124.5. 



3. Observantine Carmelites of the Order reformed 



by Nicholas V. 



4. Conventuals of the same reform. 



.5. Barefooted Carmelites, a severe Reformation by 

 St. Teresa, in Spain, an Order confirmed by 

 Pius IV. in 1562. 

 This Order has likewise females, as — 



1. Nuns of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, in 432. 



2. Carmelite Nuns, in Europe, in 1238. Of thi> 



Order was the famous Nunnery of Mont St. 

 Marie, at Cologne. 



3. Teresians or Barefooted Carmelite Nuns, a very 



