174 .MIDSUiMMEIl TIIiE. 



JUNE 22. St. PAULiNusof Nola,bishop, A.D.43I. 

 St. Alban, piotomartyr, of Britain, in 303. 

 Ofc. St r.iulinus was born at Jiourdeaux in 358. He was dis- 

 tinguished lor iiis profound learning and eminent piety. In tlie year 

 394 he received iioly orders at IJaicelona, and hastened to Ada, the 

 place of his retirement. About the end of the year 409, he was 

 chosen to fill the episcopal chair. In 410, Nola being besieged, he 

 was taken prisoner. In the year 431, at the moment St. I'aulinns 

 gave up his soul to God, all who were in his chamber felt a sudden 

 trembling, as by some shock of an earthquake. He was buried in 

 the church he had built in honour of St. Felix. He testified to the 

 genuine doctrine of the Real Presence in the following lines : — 



In crucejixa euro, at qua paicor, de crucc sanguis 



llle Jiuit vitam quo hiho, corda lavo. 

 St. Alban was the first Christian martyr in Britain, a. d. 303. 



Canterbury Bells Campanula Medium full flower. 



Orange Lily Lilium bulbiferum full flower. 



White Lily Lilimn candidiim fl. raro. 



Lovage Ligusticum levisticum fl. 



Canterbury Bells, called by various other names already recited, 

 are also styled Bells qf St. Puulinus, because he is the reputed in- 

 ventor of bells, of peals of which the flowers of the Campanulas re- 

 mind us. Bells soon after the time of St. Paulitms certainly became 

 to be used in churches and abbeys, and clocks, and consequently 

 clock bells, came into general use in the monasteries of Europe in 

 the eleventh century. See some curious particulars in Perennial 

 Calendar, p. (303. Some antient lines on Bells run thus : — 

 En ego C'aii]|)ana, luirKiiKim denuntio vnna, 

 Laudo iHuiii veruni, piebem voco, congregoclerum, 

 Deluiutos plaiiffo, vivos vico, fiilniiim trau^o, 

 Vox mea, vox vita;, veto vos ad sacra venite. 

 Sancios lollauilo, tonitrua fii^'o, fuuera claudo, 

 Funeraplango, fulguia fruigo, Saljbatliapango: 

 Excito lentos, dissipo veutos, puco crueiitos. 



As wind blowing into re;ds suggested flutes, so the sound of 

 earthen and metallic vessels might suffsest bells. 



Small bells, called in Latin Tintinnabula, are mentioned by very 

 early Roman writers, as Ovid, '1 ibullus, iMartial, Stalius, jManlius, 

 and the Greek authors. The terms Aeramentum, Crotalum, Signum, 

 and Petalum, were given them by Josephus, Suetonius, Dion, 

 Strabo, and Polybius. But all these seem to allude to small bells. 

 We know nothing of the antiquity of the large bells which hang on 

 the gates of the Chinese cities ; but in Europe we cannot place the 

 date of large bells further back than the second or third age of 

 Christianity. Paidinus certainly introduced them into use in the 

 cathedrals, churches, and monasteries of Europe about the end of the 

 fourth century. They hence received the name of Nolae and of Cam- 

 pana. Pope Sabinian appointed the canonical hours to be indicated 

 by the tolling of bells. And they began from this time to be used 

 ia all the churches, abbeys, and religious houses. 



