182 MIDSl'MMER TIDE. 



JUNE 30, Commemoration or St. Paul. 



St. Martial, bishop of Limoges. 



Ohs. St. Paul was not one of the twelve, yet says Butler from 

 his marvellous conversion, his learning, piety, ivnd his wonderful visit 

 to the third heaven, he is entitled to the honor of an apostle. St. 

 Paul's writings are remarkable for depth of metaphysical acumen. 

 He was the most learned of all the writers of the Kew Testament. 

 ' His Epistles are conceived often in a style truly majestic and strictly 

 philosophical. St. Paul was beheaded in the year of our Lord 66. 



Midsummer Cistus Cistus helianthemum full fl. 

 Carpatian BellHower Campanula Carpatica fl. 

 Marigold Calendula officinalis full fl. 

 Corn Marigold Calendula arvensis fl. 



The young plants of the Marigold begin now to flower abundantly 

 against \'isitation Tide, when they are common. We have before given 

 our opinion ofthe origin of the name of this flower. We may add that 

 some authors consider the derivation of Calendula as uncertain : 

 some say it is from the Calends. In English the old name for these 

 'awers is Golds, or Rudds, Golds, or Gouldes, is a name given by 

 the country people to a variety of yellow flowers ; and the name of 

 the Blessed Virgin Mary has been added to many plants which were 

 anciently, for their beauty, named after Venus, of which the Mary- 

 gold is one ; Costmary, the ^'irgin Mary's Costus, is another. The 

 French name it Souci du Jardin, Garden ftlarygold ; in Provence 

 they call it Gauche Fer, Left Hand Iron; perhaps from its round 

 form, like a shield which is borne on the left arm, in contradistinction 

 to the sword, used in the right. The Italians call it Calendula 

 Ortense, Fiorrancio, a corruption of fiore arancio and fiore d'ogni 

 mese, or Flower of every Month, which latter name gives counte,- 

 nance to the derivation of Calendula from the Calends. 



IMarigolds open about nine and close at about three, but we have 

 seen them open from sunrise to near sunset. Shakespeare says in 

 IViiiier^s Tale, — 



The Marygold that goes to bed with the sun 



And with him rises weeping. 



The Field Marygold is a native of most parts of Europe ; it 

 differs but little from the Garden Marygold, except in being alto- 

 gether smaller. 



The Garden Marygold grows naturally in the vineyards of France, 

 the cornfields of Italy, and the orchards, fields, and gardens of 

 Silesia. It was esteemed for its dazzling splendour long before its 

 uses were discovered : it is a common ingredient in soups ; and is 

 said, as old Gerard expresses it, greatly to comfort the heart and the 

 spirits. 



