GLOSSARY 



447 



[Sperm atogem'ma] {(nripfxa, seed; genniia, bud), nearly equivalent to spermato- 



cyst. Differs in the absence of a surrounding membrane. [In mammals, La 



\'alette St. George. 1878.] 

 Spermatogen'esis (o-Trep/xa, seed : yeVeo-is, origin), the phenomena involved in 



the formation of the spermatozoon. Often used more specifically to denote the 



process of reduction in the male. 

 Spermatogo'nium (" Ursamenzelle"') (a-rripfjL'.i, seed; yov?/, generation), the 



descendants of the primordial germ-cells in the male. Each ultimate sper- 

 matogonium typically gives rise to four spermatozoa. (La Valette St. 



George, 1876.) 

 Spermatome'rites (aTrepiMx, seed: /xe'pos, a part), the chromatin-granules into 



which the sperm-nucleus resolves itself after entrance of the spermatozoon. (In 



Pt-tro)iiyzon, BoHAl, 1887.) 

 Sper'niatosome (airepixa, seed; o-w/Aa, body), the same as spermatozoon. (La 



Valette St. George, 1878.) 

 Spermatozo'id (see Spermatozoon), the ciliated paternal germ-cells in plants. 



The word was first used by von Siebold as synonymous with spermatozoon. 

 Spermatozo'on {(nripfxa, seed; ^wov, animal), the paternal germ-cell of animals. 



(Leeuwexhoek, 1677.) 

 Sperm-nucleus, the nucleus of the spermatozoon ; more especially applied to it after 



entrance into the egg before its union with the egg-nucleus. In this sense 



equivalent to the "male pronucleus"'' of Van Beneden. (O. Hertwig, 



1875.) 

 Sper'mocentre, the sperm-centrosome during fertilization. (FOL, 1891.) 

 Spireme (cnretpr]fj.a, a thing wound or coiled; a skein), the skein or "Knauel" 



stage of the nucleus in mitosis, during which the chromatin appears in the form 



of a thread, continuous or segmented. (Flemming, 1882.) 

 Spon'gioplasm (crTroyyiov, a sponge ; vrXdcrixa, a thing formed), the cytoreticulum. 



(Levdk;, 1885.) 

 Ste'reoplasm (crTcpeds, solid), the more solid part of protoplasm as opposed to the 



more fluid " hygroplasm." (Nageli, 1884.) 

 Substantia hyalina. the protoplasmic ground-substance or '' hyaloplasm." 



(Levdig, 1885.) 

 Substantia opaca, the protoplasmic reticulum or ''spongioplasm." (Leydig, 



1885.) 

 Synap'sis (awaTrrw, to fuse together). A stage in the nucleus preceding the first 



maturation-division, characterized by the massing of the chromatin at one side 



of the nucleus. From it the chromatin-masses emerge in the reduced number. 



(Moore. 1895.) 

 Te'loblast (reAos, end; /3AaaTos, a germ), large cells situated at the growing end 



of the embryo (in annelids, etc.), which bud forth rows of smaller cells. (Whit- 

 man. Wilson, 1887.) 

 Telole'cithal (rcAos, end : AeVi^o?. yolk), that type of ovum in which the yolk is 



mainly accumulated in one hemisphere. (Balfour. 1880.) 

 Telophases, Telokine'sis (reAos, end), the closing phases of mitosis, during 



which the daughter-nuclei are re-formed. (Heidenhain, 1894.) 

 To'noplasts (roVos, tension ; ttAuo-tos, form), plastids from which arise the vacuoles 



in plant-cells. (De Vries, 1885.) 

 Trophoplasm (Tpo</)»;, nourishment; wXaa-ixa). I. The nutritive or vegetative 



substance of the cell, as distinguished from the idioplasm. (Nageli, 1884.) 



2. The active substance of the cytoplasm other than the " kinoplasm " or archo- 



plasm. (Strasburger, 1892.) 

 Tro'phoplasts (Tpocjyri, nourishment ; TrAaoros, form), a general term, nearly equiv- 



