HI. FISHES, LIVING AND FOSSIL. 



^iV INTRODUCTORY STUDY. 



BY 



BASHFORD DEAN, Ph.D., Columbia, 



Jitntructor in Bhihuiij. (\il uiiihiii Uiiiversity. 



8vo. Cloth. $2.50, net. 



This "work has been prepared to meet the needs of the gen- 

 eral student for a concise knowledge of the Fishes. It contains 

 a review of tlie four larger groups of the strictly fishlike forms, 

 Sharlis, Chiinaeroids, Teleostomes, and the Dipnoans, and adds 

 to this a chapter on the Lampreys. It presents in figures the 

 prominent members, living and fossil, of each group; illustrates 

 characteristic structures; adds notes upon the important phases 

 of development, and formulates the views of investigators as to 

 relationships and descent. 



The recent contributions to the knowledge of extinct Fishes 

 are taken into special account in the treatment of the entire 

 subject, and restorations have been attempted, as of Dinichthys, 

 Ctenodus, and Cladoselache. 



The writer has also indicated diagrammatically, as far as 

 generally accepted, the genetic relationships of fossil and living 

 forms. 



The aim of the book has been mainly to furnish the student 

 with a well-marked ground-plan of Ichthyology, to enable him to 

 better understand sjiecial works, such as tliose of Smith Wood- 

 ward and (xi'inther. The woi'k is fully illustrated, mainly from 

 the writer's original pen-drawings. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER 



I. Fishes. Their Esseniial C'Laracters. Sharks, Cliimaeroids, Teleo- 

 stomes, and Luug-tishes. Their Appearance iu Time and their 

 Distribution. 



II. The Lampreys. Their Position with Reference to Fishes. Bdel- 

 lostonia, Myxine, Petromyzon, Paiueospondyius. 



IK. The Shark Gki>up. Anatomical Chaiacters. Its Extinct Members, 



Acai:tli()(lian, Cladoselachiti, Xeuacanlhid, Cestracionts. 



IV. Chimakkoids Structures of Callorliynchus and C'himaera. S(]ualo- 

 raja and Myriacauthus. Life-habits and Probable i^ehitionships. 



V. TELEosTo.Miis Tlie Forms of Recent " Ganoids." Habits and Dis- 

 tribution. The Relations of Prominent Extinct Forms Crosso- 

 pterygians. Typical " Bony Fi-slies. " 



VI. The Evor.iTrioN OF THE GuonPS OP Fishes. Aquatic Metamerism. 

 Numerical Lines. Evolution of Gill cleft Characters, Paired and 

 Unpaired Fins Aquatic Sense-organs. 



VII. The Developmiint of Fishes. Prominent Feattires in Embryonic 

 and Larval Deve]oi)meiit, of Mtrabers of each Group Summaries. 



