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CHAPTER XL 



COMPARISON OF DARWIN's AND WALLACE'S SECTIONS 

 OF THE JOINT MEMOIR — RECEPTION OF THEIR 

 VIEWS — THEIR FRIENDSHIP. 



Comparing the essays of these two naturahsts, we 

 observe that Darwin here first makes pubhc the 

 phrase "' natural selection," Wallace the " struggle for 

 existence " ; although so closely do their lines of 

 thought converge that Darwin, using practically the 

 same words, speaks of the " struggle for life." Both 

 show, by examples, the tendency of all animals to 

 multiply at an enormous rate, and both show that 

 their tolerably constant numbers are due to the 

 constant supply of food. 



Both treat of domesticated animals, but in very 

 different ways. Darwin uses them as the practical 

 illustration of selection, and argues that if man by 

 selection can make such forms, Nature can make her 

 species by the same means. Wallace disposes of the 

 argument that the reversion of domesticated varieties 

 to the wild form is a proof of the permanent distinct- 

 ness of species, by showing in some detail that the 

 former are " abnormal, irregular, artificial." 



Neither of them draws any distinction between 

 instinct and other qualities, but assumes that the 



