MCCULLOCH. O 



Common in the shallower waters of the southern half of Australia. Fossil re- 

 mains of allied forms are known from the Carboniferous Series, and indicate that 

 these sharks were more numerous in Palaeozoic and Mesozoic times than at pre- 

 sent. The teeth are of remarkable form, being- adapted for crushing the shell-fish, 

 etc., upon which this species feeds. Attains a length of about four feet. 



7. Gtroeleubodus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1802, pp. 331 and 489 



(francisci) . 

 7a. G. galeatus. Crested Port Jackson Shark. Cestracion galeatus Gun- 

 ther, Brit. Mus. Cat. Fish. \iii, 1870, p. 41G; Ileterodontus galeatus Macl. 

 & Mad., P.L.N. N.S.W. iii. 1879, p. 313, pi. 25. (PI. i.). 

 Less abundant than the preceding species, but similar in both habits and ap- 

 pearance. The egg-cases of both are of remarkable form, being spiral, and, in 

 this species, provided with long tendrils. 



VI. Family Carcharhinidae. 



A. Spiracles present. 



B. A conspicuous pit above the root of the tail; subcaudal lobe very long. 



Galeocerdo (11). 

 BB. No pit at the root of the tail; subcaudal lobe short. Galerohinus (12). 



AA. Spiracles absent, 



C. First dorsal nearer pectorals than ventrals. 



D. Teeth serrated on the base in the upper series only. Hypoprion (9). 



DD. Teeth serrated on both bases and cusps. Carcharhinus (8) 



CC. First dorsal nearer the ventrals than the pectorals. Prionace (10) t 



8. Carcharhinus Blainville, Bull. Soc, Philom. viii, 1816, p. 121 (commcrsonii). 

 A. Teeth of both jaws serrated. 



BB- Upper teeth deeply notched on the outer edge- gangeticus (8a), 



AA. Teeth of lower jaw entire; upper teeth scarcely notched. brachyurus (8b). 



B. Upper teeth slightly notched on the outer edge. stevettsi (8c). 



8a. C. gangeticus Sea Shark. Carcharias, Prionodon, gangeticus Mull. & 



Henle, Plagiost., 1838, p. 39, pi. 13. 

 Grows to at least seven feet long. A ferocious species in Indian estuaries. 



8b. C. brachyurus. Whaler. Carcharias, Prionodon, brachyurus Gthr., 

 Brit. Mus. Cat. Fish, viii, 1870, p. 369; Id. Waite. Rec. Aust. Mus. vi, 

 1906, p. 226. pi. 39. (PI. i.). 



A common species growing to twelve feet in length. 



8c. C. steyensi. Carcharias stevensi Ogilby, Ann. Qld. Mus. x, 1911, p. 38. 

 A little known species from northern New South Wales and Queensland. 



9. Hypoprion Mull & Henle. Plagiost., 1838, p. 34 {macloti). 



9a. H. macloti. Long-nosed Sea Shark. Id. Mull & Henle, hoc. tit., pi. 10. 



(PI. i.). 

 Only once recorded from Port Jackson ; the specimen was 3 feet long. 



8 (A). Rhizoppion Ogilby. Mem. Qld. Mus. iii, 1915, p. 132 (crenidens) . 

 8 (A)a. R. crenidens. Carcharias, Scoliodon, crenidens Klunzinger, Sitzb. 

 Akad. Wiss. Wien lxxx. i, 1879, p. 426, pi. 8, 3. Recorded from off 

 Cape Byron by Ogilby, Mem. Qld. Mus. iii, 1915, p. 132. 



