16 FISH AND FISH-LIKE ANIMALS OF N.S.W., 



XXX. Family Clupeidae. 



A. Bellv rounded, covered with ordinary scales. 



B- Dorsal before the ventrals; eye entirely protected by a thick transparent 

 membrane. Etrumeus (50). 



BB. Dorsal opposite the ventrals; eye partly exposed Stolepliorus (51). 



AA. Belly compressed, with a serrated edge of spiniform scales. 



C. Median scales before the dorsal fin spiniform, forming a serrated edge as 

 on the ventral profile. 

 D. Ventral before the dorsal; marine. Hyperlophus {52). 



DD. Ventral below the dorsal; fluviatile. Potamalosa (53). 



CC. No spiniform scales on the back. 



E- Mouth terminal, larger, the jaws not forming a sharp angle at their 

 symphyses; posterior dorsal ray not produced. 

 F. Operculum with several radiating grooves. Sardinia (54). 



FF. Operculum with only one groove near its anterior margin. 



Harengula (55). 

 EE. Mouth subterminal, small; jaws forming a sharp angle at their sym- 

 physes; posterior dorsal ray produced. Nematalosa (56). 



50. Etrumeus Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. xxv., 1853, Japan, p. 48 (micropus). 

 50a. E. jacksoniensis. Mahay. Id. Macleay, P.L.S. N.S.W. iii, 1878, p. 36, 



pi. 4, 1. Id. MeCulloeh, Rec. W. Austr. Mus. i. 3, 1914, p. 211, pi. 29. 

 (PI. iv.). 

 Apparently a southern species and not common in New South Wales waters. 



51. Stolephorus Lacep., H. N. Poiss. v, 1803, p. 381 (japonictts) ■ 



51a. S. robustus. Blue Sprat. Spratelloides robustus Ogilby, P.L.S. 



N.S.W. xxii, 1897, p. 64. S. robustus MeCulloeh, Rec. Austr. Mus. xiii, 



2, 1920, p. 42, pi. 11, 1. (PI. iv.). 

 A small species growing to about 3 inches long, and occurring in shoals off the 

 coast. 



52. Hyperlophus Ogilby, Rec. Austr. Mus. ii, 1892, p. 26 (sprattellides). 



A. Anal fin commencing well behind the last dorsal ray. vittatus (52a). 



AA. Anal fin commencing below the last dorsal ray. iranslucidus (52b)- 



52a H. vittatus. Sandy Sprat. Meletta vittata Cast., Res. Pish. Austr., 

 1875, p. 46. .H. vittatus MeCulloeh, Rec. Austr. Mus. xi., 1917, p. 163, 

 pi. 29, 1-2. (PI. iv.). 



Very abundant on the coast, occurring in shoals, and growing to about fiv3 

 inches in length. An excellent food-fish. 



52b. H. translucidus. Id, MeCulloeh, Rec. Austr. Mus. si. 7,1917, p. 165, 



pi. 29, 3. 

 A small species known only from a few specimens. 



53. Potamalosa Ogilby, P.L.S. N.S.W. xxi. 1897. p. 504 (novae-hollandiae) . 

 53a. P. novae-hollandiae. Fresh-water Herring, f Meletta novae-hollan- 

 diae Cuv. & Val.. H. N. Poiss. xx, 1847, p. 376. Clupea novae-hollandiae 

 Gthr., B. M. Cat. Fish, vii, 1868. p. 431. P. novae-hoUcmdiae MeCulloeh, 

 Rec. Austr. Mus. xi. 7, 1917, p. 166. pi. 29. 4. (PI. v.). 



Abundant in the coastal rivers and growing to 12 inches long. Small speci- 

 mens are good eating, but the larger ones are very bony. 



