THE DUPLEX BEING OF MAN 29 



An organism innervated by all these methods is able 

 to depute the work of its maintenance or metabolism to 

 the first two, reserving for the conjoint work of all the 

 intrinsic work it has to perform in the universe in the 

 " battle of life " for the " survival of the fittest." In that 

 battle, are involved a gradually enlarging faculty for 

 strategy in the warfare, a correspondingly increasing ne- 

 cessity for the use of intellectual means, and therefore 

 an increase in quantity and growing complexity of 

 arrangement of the systemic nervous system, central 

 and peripheral, which has gone on enlarging in extent and 

 improving in character, until it has culminated in man 

 himself, with his brain, cord, and nerves, superadded to 

 and inextricably combined, physically and dynamically, 

 with his sympathetic nervous system, until the latter is 

 quite able, during a third of his life, to take entire charge 

 of the work of his innervation. 



On a rough estimate man spends a third of his lifetime 

 in sleep or slumber, and to " all intents and purposes " 

 deputes for that period the supervision and carrying on 

 of the whole work of his body, in the meantime, for- 



(saking it and giving up entirely its voluntary control and 

 the maintenance of its vitality and organic work ; during 

 this period he may be said to be " beside himself," and, 

 for the time, it may be said he " is not " ; that he really 

 " is not," however, we are not warranted in saying, 

 because he is, during that time, liable to dream, and 

 therefore to show that he is still there, although not 

 able, consistently and co-ordinately, to think, to will, 

 or even to innervate his musculature, except somnam- 

 bulistically. 



Sleep may truly be said to switch off the " consciously 

 living " current of life and to relegate the presiding Ego 

 to regions absolutely unknown, and so far as we have 

 yet learned unknowable, because without consciousness 

 they cannot be realised, and consciousness during life, 

 apart from material organism or cerebral integrity, is, 

 so far as experience yet goes, unattainable. Regarding 

 consciousness, as now known, as a composite of material 

 and dynamic qualities or entities, and that the dynamic 

 is as evident to the intellect as the material is to the 



