THE IERIGATION AGE. 



427 



ject. In order that the water supply should be pure for 

 domestic uses, the company sought a water shed on the 

 streams that feed the Clearwater River. 



The drainage area from which the water is taken is un- 

 contaminated by habitation. The company has not as yet 

 used all the water available in its drainage area, but for 

 the purposes of present cultivation they take their water 

 from the Sweetwater, a name exactly descriptive of the 

 water served. Up in the mountains near the timber line 

 they have placed the head gates from whence the water is 

 brought in flumes and ditches down to the great reservoir. 

 The course taken by the flumes and ditches was barred 

 by engineering difficulties of the most obstinate kind. The 

 canyon of the Sweetwater is deep and precipitous, its side 

 walls rocky for the most part, dropping abruptly from 

 summit to base. In some cases it was necessary to hang 

 the flumes on the side walls and in others to blast the 

 ditches from the solid rock itself. 



At one point an inverted syphon was installed to carry 

 the water across the canyon. 



The present great reservoir has a capacity of 6,000 acre 

 feet of water. It is a natural depression in the hills, and 

 is more than four hundred feet above and ten miles dis- 

 tant from the land it serves. The front wall dam of the 

 reservoir is of earth construction laid down in water and 

 is approximately one mile long. It is one of the largest 

 pieces of construction of its kind in the world. The water 

 is drawn from the reservoir at its base in main line pipes 

 and carried down to the orchard tracts. These have been 

 laid off in streets and alleys, each five acre tract facing a 



Irrigating with Pressure Water, Lewiston-Clarkston Project. 



street and abutting upon an alley, and in the alleys -the 

 water pipes lay buried three feet underground. It required 

 on the part of the company much inquiry and careful in- 

 vestigation before they finally decided the class of mater- 

 ial to be used in their pipe construction. They found that 

 wooden stave pipes which had been saturated had borne 

 the brunt of time in some cases for more than a hundred 

 years. Inasmuch as they propose to serve their properties 

 with domestic water at all times, the pipes would be con- 

 stantly filled with water. They therefore have used wooden 

 stave pipes as the most permanent material that could be 

 found. 



In order to remove excessive pressure it was found 

 necessary to construct a relief reservoir in the center of 

 the district. They availed themselves of the opportunity 

 and have laid out an artificial lake with a surrounding 

 park system for the beautification of the district. The 

 park will contain 25 acres of land and will be planted to 

 shade trees and lawn. It is to be the home of the Lew- 

 iston Country Club. 



Very early in their operations they discovered the buy- 



ers to whom they sold property were for the most part 

 impractical, drawn, as they were, from social classes a gen- 

 oration at least removed from agriculture. It seemed 

 necessary to provide the district with competent advice 

 and to that end a horticultural department was organized 

 and for its head E. H. Twight, Professor of Horticulture in 

 the University of California, was engaged. Much of their 

 land is being sold to buyers who do not wish to become 

 residents until the orchards are in a state of bearing. 

 Work on such properties is supervised by Prof. Twight, 

 and the experience of three years has demonstrated that 



Onion Crop between Apple Trees, Lewiston Orchards. 



they have made a growth equal to those handled by resi- 

 dents. 



This company has also developed a fruit sales system 

 in order that the grower may secure as high a price for his 

 crop as the markets of his country afford. 



Sufficient has been said to give the reader an idea of 

 the distinguishing characteristics of the Lewiston district 

 and with the early introduction of these lands to the east- 

 ern public a great influx of settlers can be assured, just 

 now the Lewiston Land and Water Co., the company men- 

 tioned above, has made an arrangement with the Dahlhjelm 

 Co., which has been immensely successful in handling ir- 

 rigated lands in the eastern markets and the eastern public 

 will be asked to interest itself in the Lewiston District. 



THE APPLE EXPOSITION. 



In the present days of science it is entirely wrong 

 for the producers of any of the soil products to allow 

 anything to waste. On the contrary every effort should 

 be put forth to take care of every portion of a crop to 

 . the end that the greatest amount of money may be real- 

 ized from it. 



There is no fruit produced that offers so many in- 

 ducements to care for the by-product as does the apple: 

 It is exceedingly strange that more growers have not 

 taken advantage of the opportunities that are offered to 

 glean a large reward for their labors. There are so many 

 by-products that will bring a big price that an investiga- 

 tion should be made by every producer and to help this 

 investigation along the managers of the coming Colorado 

 National Apple Exposition will have a department wherein 

 the factory-made by-products will be displayed and ele- 

 gant prizes offered for the exhibits. There will also be 

 exhibits of machinery used in producing these by-products 

 and representatives of the firms selling this machinery 

 will be on hand to explain all about the methods used 

 in handling the apples through their machinery to produce 

 the finished by-product so valuable to the growers, and 

 which will help so much in building up their account of 

 receipts for the season. 



