loS 



ELEMENTS OF MAMMALIAN ANATOMY. 



cc 



cd 



ment of mucous membrane is formed into a fold beneath 

 it, called the frenum lingua. The dorsal surface of the 



tongue displays four kinds of 

 papillae (Fig. 56) : The circum- 

 vallate, numbering from six to 

 eight arranged in a V shape 

 near the root; the flat, very 

 numerous at the root ; the con- 

 ical, most numerous and thickly 

 set over the entire dorsal aspect ; 

 and the fungiform, which are 

 blunt and located more thickly 

 on the sides and near the tip 

 of the tongue (Fig. 56). 



The Teeth. During the 

 first year the cat develops 

 twenty-six teeth, known as the 

 deciduous or temporary set, a? 

 they are later replaced by a 

 permanent set. The three parts 

 of a tooth are the crown, neck, 

 and fang (Fig. 58). The 

 crown may be divided into 

 several portions called cusps. A 

 tooth split longitudinally pre- 

 sents the following four fea- 

 tures (Fig. 57) : the enamel, a 

 hard glistening substance cover- 

 ing the entire crown of the 

 tooth down to the neck; the 

 cement, a bony substance in- 

 vesting the fang; the dentine, 

 forming the interior hard por- 

 tion of the tooth; and the pulp cavity, containing in tht 



FIG. 56. DORSAL ASPECT OF 

 THE TONGUE AND LARYNX. 



at, Arytenoid cartilage; af, an- 

 terior pillar of the fauces; 



cc, crico-epiglottic ligament; 



cd, true vocal cords ; cv, cir- 

 cumvallate papilla; ep, epi- 

 glottis; fl, flat papilla; fg, 

 fungiform papilla ; fr, fili- 

 form papilla; gl, glottis; hy, 

 epihyal bone cut off; i, false 

 vocal cord; as, lumen of the 

 esophagus, which is cut off 

 just as it opens into the 

 pharynx; pf, posterior pil- 

 lar of the fauces; in, tonsil. 



