i5 8 ELEMENTS OF MAMMALIAN ANATOMY. 



to the larynx is the esophagus. By removing carefully 

 the muscles and fibrous tissue from the cartilage the larynx 

 is seen to be composed of five pieces : the epiglottis, thyroid 

 cartilage, two arytenoid cartilages, and the cricoid cartilage 

 (Fig. 20). The epiglottis is the small triangular cartilage 

 that closes the glottis when food passes into the esophagus 

 (Fig. 56). The thyroid cartilage constitutes the largest 

 part of the larynx. In man it forms the prominence known 

 as Adam's apple. Dorsally the two halves of the thyroid 

 cartilage are separated, each projecting craniad into a 

 process known as a cornu. The arytenoid cartilages are 

 the two small paired pieces caudad to the thyroid, on the 

 dorsal side. The cricoid cartilage forms a complete ring 

 at the caudal end of the larynx (Fig. 20). 



There are a number of ligaments connecting the various 

 parts of the larynx, the most important of which are the 



FIG. 82. DIAGRAMMATIC TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE CHEST. 



ao, Aorta; br, bronchus ; crd, spinal cord; esoph, esophagus; hd, head of 

 rib ; pa, parietal pleura ; pc, cavity of the pleura ; sp, spinous process ; 

 st, sternum ; ib, tubercle of rib ; tr, transverse process ; vp, visceral 

 pleura ; t, thoracic duct ; n, sympathetic nerve cord ; az, azygos vein ; 

 ire, trachea ; v, pulmonary veins. 



