EXCRETORY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS. 167 



corpus spongiosum to the point of the penis. The ureter, 

 bladder, and urethra consist largely of muscular tissue, the 

 lining being formed by mucous membrane. 



THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. 



The female reproductive organs are the two ovaries, a 

 pair of Fallopian tubes, a uterus, and a vagina. To 

 demonstrate these, the entire ventral abdominal wall must 

 be removed and the pubic symphysis severed with the bone- 

 cutters. The ovaries are the small yellowish oval bodies 

 about one centimeter long lying just caudad of the kidneys, 

 against the dorsal abdominal wall. From the vicinity of 

 each extends a tube caudad to join its fellow in the median 

 line ventrad to the rectum (Figs. 55 and 86). The cranial 

 portions of these are the Fallopian tubes, and the larger 

 caudal portions are the cornua of the uterus. The junc- 

 tion of the cornua in the median line forms the body of the 

 uterus. 



The Fallopian tube is smaller in diameter than the cornu 

 of the uterus, generally more or less contorted, and termi- 

 nates by a firnbriated expansion or mouth opening freely 

 into the abdominal cavity. 



The Fallopian tubes and uterus are suspended by the 

 broad ligament, or ligamentum latum, which is a fold of 

 the peritoneum attached to the dorsal abdominal wall. The 

 round ligament, or ligamentum rotundum, also aids in 

 keeping the uterus in place. This appears as a thickening 

 of the broad ligament when the latter is looked through 

 toward the light. The round ligament extends from about 

 the middle of the horn or cornu of the uterus ventrad of 

 Poupart's ligament, and through the muscles of the ab- 

 dominal wall beneath the skin of the inguinal region, where 

 it gradually loses itself. It is exceedingly delicate and 

 thread-like. 



