50 THE FARMER'S OUTLOOK 



statistics of the States making up the Common- 

 wealth of Australia. Queensland, it will be seen, 

 is pre-eminently the cattle State. Of 11,744,000 

 cattle in Australia in 19 10, Queensland accounted 

 for 5,131,000, almost exactly double the number 

 recorded on the break up of the drought in 1902. 

 Though Queensland takes the third place in 

 butter production amongst the states of the 

 Commonwealth, 90 per cent, of the cattle are of 

 the beef type. The number of sheep in Queens- 

 land in 1910 were 20,331,000 or 22 per cent, of 

 the total in the Commonwealth. With the 

 improvement of the pasture by cattle and the 

 high price of wool, sheep have in some districts 

 taken the place of cattle. In view of the pre- 

 ponderance of Queensland cattle it is not sur- 

 prising to find that of some 590,000 quarters of 

 frozen beef shipped in 1911, 547,000 were from 

 Queensland. A considerable trade in frozen beef 

 has been built up with the Far East, especially 

 the Phillipines, and new markets in the Straits 

 Settlements are hoped for. Artesian wells in 

 Queensland have been sunk, the daily flow 

 being 470,929,000 gallons from wells bored by 

 private owners and 35,560,000 from State-bored 

 wells. 



The problems of Australia's agricultural devel- 

 opment may be stated as centering in two main 

 groups, first, the measures being taken to minimise 



