ioo THE FARMER'S OUTLOOK 



the industry is conducted are noticeable. Butter 

 manufacture must be conducted on wholesale 

 methods. Whether the farmer separates the 

 cream and keeps the skim milk as in many 

 districts in Australia and Canada, or sends the 

 fresh milk to the creamery as in Denmark 

 or Ireland, butter, the finished article, is produced 

 on a wholesale scale. The increased output of 

 butter brought about by co-operative dairies 

 cannot be better illustrated than by quoting the 

 case of Ireland, where the increased production 

 during recent years under the stimulus of Sir 

 Horace Plunkett's organisation is well known. 



Though the cheese-making is not to the 

 same extent dependent on a system of factory 

 production, it is extensively organised on similar 

 lines. The review of American agriculture showed 

 that Canadian cheese successfully competed with 

 the American product, as a result of better organ- 

 isation under the supervision of the Canadian 

 Government. Hog products, to adopt the Ameri- 

 can term, can be so conveniently combined with 

 the production of butter and cheese that the 

 subject has been deferred till this chapter, instead 

 of being included under meat. 



The fluctuations in the price of pigs is pro- 

 verbial. A constant see-saw between plentiful 

 supply and low prices, and a dearth accompanied 

 by high prices occurs. Several causes account for 



