204 



tlie re-acquisition of the province of Tucuman^ 

 which^ after having been by him, in 1549, sub- 

 jected to the government of Chili, had been since 

 attached to the vicerojalty of Peru. Gregori 

 Castaneda, v^ho had the charge of this enter- 

 prise, defeated the Peruvian commander, Juan 

 Zurita, the author of the dismemberment, and 

 restored the country to the obedience of the cap- 

 tains general of Chili; it v^^as, however, retained 

 under their government but a short time, as they 

 were obliged by the court of Spain, before the 

 close of the century, to cede it again to the go- 

 vernment of Peru. 



But neither Don Garcia nor Quiroga, not- 

 withstanding the long time they had fought in 

 Chili, had formed a correct opinion of the temper 

 of the people whom they pretended they had con- 

 quered. The invincible Araucanian cannot be 

 made to submit to the bitterest reverses of for- 

 tune. His losses themselves, so far from deject- 

 ing or dismaying him, appear to inspire him with 

 more strength and valour. This constancy, or 

 obstinacy as some may term it, is certainly won- 

 derful, if not heroic. The few Ulmenes who 

 had escaped from the late defeats, more than ever 

 determined to continue the war, assembled im- 

 mediately after the rout of Quiepo in a wood, 

 where they unanimously elected as Toqui an 

 oflBcer of inferior rank^ called Aiitiguenu, who 

 Iwd" signalized himself in the last battle. He 



