TOPOGRAPHY. 207 



borders the valley to Claremont, where the erosion is more observable 

 than at East Lebanon, allowing Sugar river to pass into Claremont. This 

 river is further remarkable, since it cuts the main range, also draining a 

 large area east of Sunapee, which would more naturally flow into the 

 Merrimack. 



From Newport the valley between the parallel ranges passes more 

 easterly into Goshen and Lempster, rising in the swamps near Dodge 

 pond, the source of the tributaries of Cold river, which courses southerly 

 through Acworth, Langdon, and the corners of Alstead and Walpole. 

 North Unity and North Acworth possess water-sheds parallel to each 

 other and running easterly, having Little Sugar river between them. 

 There are no notable hills on either side, though the land is high. This 

 irregularity is induced by the rising up of older earth-masses in Kilburn 

 Peak, near Bellows Falls. 



The valley is next continuous in the Ashuelot basin. The north rim 

 lies between Paper Mill Village and Alstead Centre. The ridge in Mar- 

 low, where the old and new Forest roads unite, is 1,328 feet high, along 

 the line of a railroad survey. Just north of the Ashuelot valley, near 

 Alstead village, the ridge is lower, estimated to be about 900 feet. In 

 Surry the valley is narrow and deep. In Keene it spreads out widely, 

 the level at the railroad being 482 feet. It narrows in passing into 

 Swanzey, but is constantly deepening. At Winchester the river turns 

 into Hinsdale, across a very ancient ridge ; but the valley continues into 

 Massachusetts in a direct southerly course. 



Principal Range. The main water-shed of the state is the eastern 

 part of this double range. Leaving the White Mountain district in 

 Moosilauke, it starts up again in the high Kinneo and Carr's mountains, 

 running down through Wentworth and Rumney, ending in Rattlesnake 

 mountain, till cut across by Baker's river. 



Warren occupies an elevated position between the two great ranges. 

 The general shape of the land is that of a basin, with notched edges. 

 Just to the north the immense mass of Moosilauke makes a third side to 

 the depression, while the narrowness of the Owl's Head pass nearly 

 closes up the valley on the north-west. The map of Warren annexed, 

 kindly loaned by William Little, of Manchester, an early friend of the 

 survey, and author of a history of Warren, shows better than words the 



