260 HENRY HILL GOODELL 



soil, a heavy, sandy loam, with underlying clay. The east- 

 ern and highest part of the farm is drift, covered with 

 gravelly loam, with occasional pockets of heavy, sandy 

 loam. Much of this part of the farm has a substratum of 

 hard pan. In short, the soil does not materially differ from 

 that found in other parts of the state, always excepting 

 such as is peculiar to particular localities, as the sand of 

 Cape Cod, etc. Seventy to eighty head of live stock are 

 kept, including representatives of Ayrshires, Guernseys, 

 Holstein-Friesians, Jerseys, Shorthorns, Percherons, South- 

 down sheep, and small Yorkshire swine. 



While all the departments are fairly well equipped, the 

 agricultural and horticultural, as would naturally be ex- 

 pected, are best supplied, and no pains are spared to prac- 

 tically drive home the teachings of the recitation-room. 

 As the agricultural department has its barns and different 

 breeds of cattle, its labor-saving implements and silos, so 

 the horticultural has its green-houses and nurseries, its 

 herbaria and models. Orchards of fifteen to twenty acres, 

 containing all the standard varieties of small and large 

 fruits, lie in immediate proximity, and for further prac- 

 tical study there is a vineyard containing thirty to forty 

 varieties of fully tested grapes; a nursery of 30,000 to 

 40,000 trees, shrubs, and vines in various stages of 

 growth; a market garden; and a grove covering several 

 acres, affording ample opportunity for observations in 

 practical forestry. Methods of planting, training, and 

 pruning, budding, layering and grafting, gathering and 

 packing fruits are taught by field exercises, the students 

 doing a large part of the work. The botanical department, 

 naturally joined with the horticultural, is in like manner 



