TREES AND THE GARDEN. 209 



SECTION XXX. POMOLOGY. 



By PROF. C. P. KALUGA N, 

 Department of Horticulture, Michigan State Agricultural College. 



Fruit growing and pomology as commonly known 

 are synonymous terms. It comprises the art of grow- 

 ing all kinds of fruit. Covering such a broad field, 

 it may be well, for proper consideration of the subject, 

 to designate its several branches as follows: Tree 

 fruits, as typified by the apple; vine fruits, as typified 

 by the grape; and small fruits, as typified by the straw- 

 berry and raspberry. 



i. Tree Fruits. Tree fruits may be divided into 

 three classes, namely, pome, stone and citrous fruits. 



Pome. " Apple like " fruits are called pomes. 

 Hence the apple, pear and quince comprise the pomes. 



Apples.- The apple is the most important commer- 

 cial American fruit. It was early introduced into this 

 country, and has been planted to such an extent that to- 

 day North America stands as the leading apple grow- 

 ing country of the world. The apple thrives almost 

 everywhere in the United States, and is grown on a 

 great variety of soils. Being such a cosmopolitan 

 fruit it is commonly neglected. The best results in 

 apple growing, however, are to be expected only when 

 the trees are given good care and attention. Thor- 

 ough tillage, judicious fertilizing, regular pruning and 

 spraying are all essential in producing the best crops 

 of apples. 



Varieties. In the selection of the varieties there is 

 no best variety for all sections. Whereas the Baldwin 

 may be the best commercial variety for New England, 

 we find the Yellow Newton the best for Virginia, the 

 Spitzenberg for Oregon, and the Ben Davis for Mis- 

 souri. It is a safe rule in planting, therefore, to select 

 the standard varieties that are best adapted to the par- 

 ticular section. 



Pears. Pears thrive particularly well in certain 



