FEEDS AND FEEDING. 389 



drug store. Dilute this with water. Cut the corn and potatoes into 

 small pieces and place a drop of the diluted iodine solution on a few 

 of these pieces. Note the blue color, due to the presence of starch 

 which is stored up by the plants during the growing process. It is 

 well to have the iodine dilute in order to get a delicate reaction. 



Take a small quantity of hay and have the pupils approximate the 

 weight of it. Burn this hay in a dish and show the scholars the ash. 

 Ask them the loss in weight. Let them rub the ash between their 

 fingers. 



SECTION LXI. THE COMPOSITION OF FARM 

 ANIMALS AND THE NUTRITIVE ELEMENTS. 



Animal Substances. The constituents of animals are 

 similar to those of plants, although they are somewhat 

 different in actual composition. 



The substances in an animal may be divided into 

 water and dry matter. The dry matter is composed 

 of the ash and the organic matter. The organic matter 

 is made up of protein and fats. 



Anlmal 1 ^ry Matter j g*^ M ^ j Protein 



Water. The bodies of all animals are made of 50 

 per cent, water. The water is present in the animal in 

 a free state in the tissues and the blood. Young 

 animals contain a greater per cent, of water than the 

 old animals. 



Dry Matter. This is what is left after the water is 

 driven off, and represents about 50 per cent, of the 

 weight of the animal. It is made up of fats, protein 

 and ash. 



Fats. Mutton suet, hog lard and beef tallow are 

 examples of animal fats. Animal fats are entirely dif- 

 ferent from the fats of plants. 



Protein. This is represented in the animal in the 

 form of lean meat, organic part of bones, muscles, liga- 

 ments, nerves, internal organs and the brain. 



Ash. This includes all the mineral substances, and 

 is made up of the same ingredients as mentioned under 

 the composition of plants. 



