406 FUNDAMENTALS OF AGRICULTURE. 



ering of the wheat kernel. 3. Flour. This is made 

 from the starchy part of the wheat kernel, or the soft 

 white interior portion. 



Rice By-products. Rice hulls, rice bran, rice meal, 

 rice grits and rice polish are the by-products obtained 

 in the milling of rice. i. Rice hulls. These are the 

 outer protecting parts or hulls of the rice kernel. 

 They are sometimes injurious when fed in large quan- 

 tities, on account of their silicious or sandy structure. 

 2. Rice bran. This material is made up of the outer 

 layer of the rice kernel together with some of the 

 germ. Most of the rice brans contain some rice hulls. 

 The rice hulls cannot always be entirely eliminated in 

 manufacture. 3. Rice meal. This material is usu- 

 ally sold under the name of rice bran. It is similar to 

 rice bran except that it is practically free from hulls. 

 4. Rice polish. This consists of the flour which is re- 

 moved from the rice kernel. The rice kernel is cor- 

 rugated or rough, and in giving to it the smooth ap- 

 pearance and pearly luster, that the trade demands, 

 the rough parts are smoothed down and brushed off 

 with special machinery. 



Sugar By-products. The sugar by-products used for 

 stock feeds are cane molasses, beet molasses, dried beet 

 pulp and sorghum cuite. i. Cane molasses. The cane 

 molasses sold for stock feed is usually the final product 

 from the manufacture of cane sugar. It is called black- 

 strap, and it is noted for its high content of digestible 

 carbohydrates. 2. Beet molasses. This is a product 

 derived from the manufacture of sugar from the sugar 

 beet. Beet molasses contains less carbohydrates than 

 cane molasses and more ash. It has a bitter taste due 

 to the large amount of potash present. It is used a 

 great deal for feeding purposes. 3. Dried beet pulp. 

 This is the refuse, or what is left, of the sugar beet 

 after the sugar has been extracted. This refuse is 

 kiln dried and sold as dried beet pulp. 4. Sorghum 

 cuite. This is a product obtained from sorghum, and 

 is used to a limited extent. 



