FEEDS AND FEEDING. 407 



Animal and Fish By-Products. Skim milk, refuse 

 from packing houses and fish refuse are often sold 

 as feeds for hogs and poultry. From the packing 

 houses come tankage and dried blood. Tankage is 

 composed entirely of animal matter. It consists of 

 meat and bone (from which the fat has been ex- 

 tracted), and more or less dried blood. It is variable 

 in composition, but it usually contains a high content 

 of protein. Dried blood is simply what the name sig- 

 nifies. It has a black-brown color and is ground very 

 fine. Fish refuse is the dried product from canneries, 

 whalebone factories, and establishments where glue is 

 manufactured. The oil is generally extracted and 

 the fish refuse dried and sold as fish scraps or dry 

 ground fish. 



ANALYSES OF ANIMAL AND FISH BY-PRODUCTS. 



Protein Fat 



Tankage 46% 



Dried blood 84 



Meat scraps 60 9-5% 



Dry ground fish 53 



Bone meal 26 



Meat and bone meal 40 10 



EXERCISE. What milling by-products are used at your home? De- 

 scribe them. 



Choose four pupils to bring to school all the products mentioned 

 in this section, that are used at the table. Flour, rice, molasses, 

 starch, grits, hominy are some of these products. Send two pupils 

 to the feed store for samples of wheat bran, wheat middlings, rice 

 bran, bone meal, etc. Require the pupils to become familiar with the 

 appearance of these materials and the sources from which they are 

 manufactured. 



SECTION LXVI. COMPOSITION, DIGESTIBILITY AND 

 NUTRITIVE RATIO. 



Composition of Feeds. The previous sections ex- 

 plained the meaning and function of the nutritive ele- 

 ments contained in plants and animals. The next 

 thing is to become familiar with the composition and 



