THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE VASCULAR SYSTEM 



R. ant. cardinal vein 



R. post, cardinal vein 

 R. com. cardinal vein 



Subclavian vein 

 R. vitelline vein 

 R. umbilical vein 

 R. post, cardinal vein 



Mesons 

 R. subcardinal vein 



R. 



R. ant. cardinal vein 



R. siibclavian vei 

 R. com. cardinal vei 



Inf. vena cava 



R. post, cardinal vei 



Mesonephros 

 R. subcardinal vein 



Metanephros 



R. ischiadic ve, 

 R. caudal veil 



Int. jugular vein L. vena anonyma 



Ext. jugular 

 Subclavian 



vein Int. jugular vein 



.Com. cardinal vein 



Supracardinai 



vein 



Metanephros 



Ext. jugular vein 

 Subclavian vein 

 Azygos vein 



Coronary sinus 

 Inf. vena cava 



Hepatic vein 



Hemi-azygos vein 



R. suprarenal vein 



R. renal vein 



L. renal vein 



Spermatic veins 



Ext. iliac vein 

 Com. iliac vein 



Ace. hemi- 



Ischiadic vein 

 Caudal vein 



Hypogastric vein 

 C Median sacral vein D 



FIG. 282. Four diagrams showing the development of the superior and inferior venas 

 cavae and the fate of the cardinal veins (modified after Kollmann). X, in A, vein of the plica 

 venae cavae:*, anastomosis between subcardinal veins; X, in C, anastomosis between anterior 

 cardinal veins which forms the left vena anonyma; *, in C, cranial anastomosis between the 

 azygos veins; z, caudal anastomosis between supracardinal veins; K, kidney; S, suprarenal 

 gland; T, testis. 



