EXAMINATION OF THE URINE. 119 



ments. Try the Trommer's test, the bismuth test, the silver 

 test, and the indigo test with these solutions and with the 

 urine itself as a check. Trommer's test is to be made both 

 with a large and with a small quantity of copper sulphate 

 solution. 



The following experiments are to be made only with the 

 weaker solution B and with the urine as a check: 



1. Fermentation Test. 



2. Phenyl Hydrazine Test. Heat 50 cc. with 2 g. of 

 phenyl hydrazine hydrochloride and 4 g. of sodium acetate 

 or with phenyl hydrazine acetate (see above). 



3. Reaction of Molisch with increasing dilution in the 

 form introduced by v. Udranszky. One drop of the urine- 

 sugar solution B is diluted with ten drops (0.5 cc.) of water; 

 one drop of a-naphthol solution and 1 cc. of sulphuric acid 

 are added. Repeat in the same way with the urine as a 

 check. Then dilute both urines and repeat the test. As a 

 rule normal urine when diluted five times still gives a sug- 

 gestion of the reaction. If the reaction appears at even 

 greater dilution, then the amount of carbohydrate is above 

 the normal. Since this excess need not necessarily be sugar 

 and the limit of the reaction for the normal amount of car- 

 bohydrate is not fixed, the test is not to be regarded as con- 

 clusive. 



4. Reaction with Nylander's Bismuth Solution. Boil 5 

 cc. of urine with ten drops (0.5 cc.) of the bismuth solution for 

 some minutes. The urine -sugar solution B turns black, the 

 urine used as a check does not. Many concentrated urines, 

 however, turn black though they contain no sugar; this is 

 true also of those containing chrysophanic acid. 



