EXAMINATION OF THE URINE. 123 



examination in the spectroscope then shows the very char- 

 acteristic bands of reduced haBmatin (hsemochromogen of 

 Hoppe-Seyler). 



2. Heller's Test. Make a portion of the urine strongly 

 alkaline with sodium hydroxide solution, heat to boiling, and 

 let stand. The precipitate of phosphates, which collects on 

 the bottom of the test-tube, is colored blood-red by ha3matin. 

 Make a check experiment with normal urine. 



3. Add to 100 cc. of the urine some cubic centimeters of 

 urine containing considerable albumin, heat to boiling, col- 

 lect the precipitate on a filter, and wash. Grind the precipi- 

 tate in a mortar with about 20 cc. of absolute alcohol, add a 

 few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid, heat the mixture to 

 boiling in a flask on the water-bath, and filter. When cold 

 make the filtrate alkaline with sodium hydroxide solution and 

 add a few drops of ammonium sulphide. When examined 

 with the spectroscope the fluid now shows the absorption- 

 bands of reduced hsematin. 



4. Add to the urine a little freshly made alcoholic solution 

 of gum guaiacum till a permanent turbidity results, then some 

 old oil of turpentine, and shake thoroughly. On allowing to 

 stand and shaking repeatedly the mixture or the oil of tur- 

 pentine gradually becomes blue. On shaking this mixture 

 with ether a violet color is imparted to the ether and the blue 

 color remains in the aqueous fluid. Both gradually fade. 

 Make a check experiment with normal urine. Not decisive 

 in the presence of pus-cells. The latter, according to Brand- 

 enburg, 1 give the blue color even with the guaiacum tincture 

 alone. 



XXI. DETECTION OF H^MATOPORPHYRIN. 



1. Thirty to fifty cubic centimeters of urine containing 

 hsematoporphyrin are completely precipitated with an alka- 



1 Miinchener medicin. Wochenschr. 1900. No. 6. 



