A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



SKILLICORNK of 

 Preese. Sable a cross 

 countercompony or and 

 azure between Jour garbs 

 of the second. 



to his grandsun Nicholas, who held it in 1609." 

 Soon afterwards the manor was sold, and in 1634 was 

 held by John Wolverton." 

 In 1756 John Parkes pur- 

 chased a moiety of it fixm 

 Thomas Gorst and Rachel 

 his wife. 26 The hall' 7 now 

 belongs to Mr. Thomas 

 Horrocks Miller of Singleton. 



SWARBRICK in Preese 

 seems always to have been a 

 member of Weeton. 28 It gave 

 a surname to a family or 

 families of long standing in 

 the district. 



MTTHOP, though part of 

 the fee of Penwortham, was 

 held as the tenth part of a 



knight's fee by the lords of Weeton, 19 and has de- 

 scended with it. A family surnamed Mythop occurs, 

 but does not seem to have b.en of long continu- 

 ance. 30 



Sir Gilbert Gerard was in 1593 stated to have 

 held land in Preese of the inheritance of Richard 

 Balderston. 31 



Some of the Earl of Derby's lands were sold by the 

 Commonwealth authorities in 1 6 5 3. 33 Three ' Papists ' 

 registered estates in 17 ly. 33 



For the Church of England St. Michael and All 

 Angels' was erected at Weeton in 1843. A parish 

 was assigned to it in l846, 34 and the vicar of Kirkham 

 has the patronage. 



A Wesleyan Methodist chapel was built in 1827," 

 but has long since disappeared. 



TREALES, ROSEACRE, AND WHARLES 



Treueles, Dom. Bk. ; Turuel, 1242. 



Rasaker, Raysakur, 1249. 



Quarlous, 1249; Warlawes, Werlows, 1286. 



Treales is the southern half of this composite 

 township, the northern half being divided between 

 Roseacre to the north-west and Wharles to the south- 

 east. The respective areas of the three portions are 

 1,998, 937 and 1,165 acr;:s or 4,100 in all. 1 The 

 population numbered 492 in 1901. The greater 

 part of the surface is flat, but in the south is some 

 higher land, the 100 ft. above sea level being attained ; 

 but this declines somewhat sharply to the brook which 

 forms the boundary between Treales and Kirkham. 



From Kirkham a road goes north through Treales, 

 standing on the higher land mentioned, and then by 

 Bolton Houses and Cross Hill to Wharles, at which 

 hamlet it divides, one branch going north-east to 

 St. Michael's and the other north-west, by Roseacre and 

 Sasswick House, to Elswick. There are some side roads 

 and cross roads. The railway from Preston to Black- 

 pool runs through the extreme south of the township. 



The soil is clay ; wheat is grown, but three-fourths 

 of the land is pasture. 



There is a parish council. 



In 1066 TREBLES, a member of 

 M4NOR Earl Tostig's fee, was assessed as two 

 plough-lands.' Afterwards it is found to 

 be a member of the Weeton fee, held successively by 

 Boteler and Stanley, and the lordship has descended 

 to the present Earl of Derby. 3 ROSEACRE and 

 WHARLES were probably improvements from the 

 waste * ; it does not appear that they were ever 



were burgesses at the guild of 1542; 

 Preston Guild R. 19. Nicholas was dead 

 in 1550, when the manor was in the 

 king's hands by reason of the minority of 

 William, his son and heir ; Duchy of 

 Lane. Misc. Bks. xxiii, 5$d. 



In 1592 an informer told the govern- 

 ment that ' Mr. Skillicorne of Preese 

 hath for many years a recusant school- 

 master, who for sundry years was one 

 William Fletcher, then a recusant, now 

 the schoolmaster at Wigan ' ; Gibson, 

 Lydiate Hall, 258, quoting S. P. Dom. 

 Eliz. ccxv, 79. William Skillicorne died 

 in 1601 holding the manor of Preese, and 

 was succeeded by his son Nicholas ; 

 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xviii, no. 35. 

 For a pedigree see Fishwick, Kirkham, 

 191. 



M A feoffment of the manors of Preese 

 and Newton was made by Nicholas 

 Skillicorne in 1606 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet 

 of F. bdle. 70, no. 83. The manor of 

 Preese alone appears in a similar fine in 

 1609, when the deforciants were Nicholas 

 Skillicorne, William his son and heir- 

 apparent and Elizabeth his wife, John 

 Skillicorne and Priscilla his wife ; ibid, 

 bdle. 76, no. 31. No Skillicornes appear 

 in the Preston guild roll of 1622 or later. 

 Nicholas and John Skillicorne were con- 

 victed recusants in 1620 ; Cal. S.P. Dom. 

 1619-23, p. 150. 



Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 125, 

 no. 43. From the draft of an Act of 1624. 

 it appears that John Skillicorne had con- 

 veyeil the manor to Robert, Edmund and 

 Charles Wolferstone ; Hat. MSS. Com. 

 Ref. iii, 30. 



K Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 354. 



17 In 1836 it belonged to Hugh Hornby 



of Liverpool, and was afterwards sold to 

 Thomas Miller, father of the present 

 owner ; Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iv, 400 j 

 (ed. 1870;, ii, 493. 



* 8 The 4 oxgangs of land there were in 

 1286 held by free farmers of Theobald le 

 Boteler ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 265. 

 This is probably the land in Preese held 

 by the heir of Theobald Walter in 1242 ; 

 ibid. 153. 



49 In 1212, of the four plough-lands 

 granted by Warine Bussel to Gillemichael, 

 only three were held by his heirs ; the 

 other, in Mythop, was held by the heir of 

 Theobald Walter j Lanes. Inq. and Extents, 

 i, 29. It was worth 4^ marks yearly in 

 1249 and 641. in 1286; ibid. 172, 264. 

 The tenure was in 1302 recorded a the 

 tenth part of a knight's fee in Mythop, 

 held of the Earl of Lincoln ; ibid. 316. 

 This is repeated in later extents, &c. ; e.g. 

 Feud. Aids, iii, 91. 



In 1522 the tenants of Mythop paid 

 4 a year, including 31. jj. as the value 

 of the works and services ; Derby Rental 

 (at Lathom). 



30 James le Boteler Earl of Ormonde in 

 1329 complained that Robert de Frees 

 and Adam son of Thomas de Mythop had 

 rescued cattle from his pound at Weeton ; 

 De Banco R. 278, m. 157. 



Adam son of Richard de Mythop in 

 1341 confirmed to his son Richard lands 

 at the Bankhouses in Warton ; Lytham 

 D. at Durham, I a, 2 ae, 4 ae, Ebor. no. 20. 

 The witnesses included Henry, Geoffrey 

 and Robert, sons of Richard de Mythop. 



Nicholas son of Robert de Mythop had 

 land in Elswick in 1402-5 ; Towneley 

 MS. C 8, 5 (Chct. Lib.), Hen. IV, no. 

 5.7- 



There was another place of the same 

 name in Lytham. 



81 Duchy of Lane. Jnq. p.m. xvi, no. 2. 



** Cal. Com. for Comp. ii, 1117 j Swar- 

 brick, Mythop, &c. 



38 James and Thomas Swarbrick and 

 William Blacoe j Estcourt and Payne, 

 Engl. Cath. Nonjurors, 134-5. For the 

 convicted recusants c. 1670 see Misc. 

 (Cath. Rec. Soc.), v, 195-6. 



34 By Order in Council 21 Jan. 1846. 



85 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1870), ii, 493. 



1 Including 2 acres of inland water ; 

 Census Rep. 1 90 1 . 



2 V.C.H. Lanes, i, 2883. 



8 See the account of Weeton. The 

 sheriff rendered account of 26$. tallage of 

 Treales in 1205-6 ; Farrer, Lanes, Pipe 

 R. 202. In 1249 l ^ e three plough-lands 

 in Treales were worth 8 141. jd. in all 

 issues, and the land of Wharles and Pose- 

 acre 9 ; Lanes, Inq. and Extents (Rec. 

 Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 172-3. In 

 1286 there were 24 oxgangs of land in 

 the hands of free farmers, each oxgang 

 being worth in. a year ; ibid. 265. 



4 In 1286 there were in Roseacre 215 

 acres of land, and in Wharles 144 acres, 

 each worth io<^. yearly, in the hands of 

 free farmers \ ibid. 



It appears that in 1 283 Randle de 

 Goosnargh, Alice his wife and William 

 son of Alexander the Clerk of Elswick 

 held 67 acres in Roseacre, but Theobald 

 le Boteler purchased them ; Final Cone, 

 (Rec, Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 160. 



The Derby rental of 1522 (at Lathom) 

 shows that 16 was received from 

 tenants at will in Treales ; a windmill 

 paid 30*., and turbary 263. 8</. The 

 rent of the tenants at will in Wharles 



178 



