AMOUNDERNESS HUNDRED 



enrolled at Preston Guild.* 9 They were or became 

 recusants, as the above quotation indicates, and in 

 1632 Thomas Kirkby of RawclifFe compounded by an 

 annual payment of $ for the two-thirds of his 

 estate which was liable to sequestration for his 

 religion. 80 In the Civil War he was a Royalist, and 

 his estate, after being sequestered by the Parliament, 

 was in 1652 ordered for sale. 61 Three of his sons 

 were stated to have been killed in the service of 

 Charles I. 63 He was dead in 1655, when Edward 

 Tyldesley of Myerscough petitioned to be allowed to 

 contract for the estate.* 3 After that a family named 

 Whitehead* 4 long held the manor, but there is 

 nothing to record of them. 64 The manor is now 

 stated to be held by the Earl of Derby. 



A considerable portion appears to have been sold 

 before 1655 to George Westby, 68 a son of Thomas 

 Wcstby of Mowbreck, who built White Hall," in 

 later times regarded as the manor-house. He also 

 was a recusant and a Royalist, and suffered the 

 sequestration and confiscation of his lands by the 

 Parliament. 68 He regained them through the agency 

 of friends. A pedigree recorded in 1 664 shows that 

 he had sons Thomas (aged ten) and John. 69 In 1717 

 John Westby of Upper RawclifFe, son of John and 

 nephew of Thomas Westby, registered his estate as 

 a ' Papist.' 70 He was accidentally killed in a mill in 

 1728 and left a son Thomas as heir. This branch 

 of the family succeeded to part of the Mowbreck 

 estate, but all has been sold in the last half-century. 

 White Hall was in 1857 sold to Stevenson, whose 

 son, J. C. Stevenson of Leamington, was the owner 

 in 1891. 



WHITK HALL, now a farm-house, stands close to 

 the River Wyre, facing south, but is without archi- 

 tectural interest, having been almost entirely rebuilt 



ST. MICHAEL- 

 ON-WYRE 



and modernized about 1857; most of the old 

 timbers were, however, again used. The building 

 dated substantially from the beginning of the I yth 

 century, the older house of the Kirkbys having 

 entirely disappeared, but had been for a long time in 

 a state of decay. The present structure is covered 

 with rough-cast and whitewashed, the rooft covered 

 with blue slates and all the windows are new. There 

 is an old open fireplace in the kitchen now walled 

 up. The west wing is three stories in height with 

 an unequal gable to the front, but the house generally 

 is of two stories, with a projecting gabled two-story 

 porch. The east wing appears to have been pulled 

 down about 1870.'* 



Other portions of the Urswick estate cannot be 

 traced. One-fourth probably descended to Clifton 

 of Kidsnape, but William Clifton in 1517 held only 

 'messuages and lands' in Upper RawclifFe of the 

 king and Thomas Rigmaiden as of their manor of 

 Nether Wyresdale by a rent of 6J. n His widow 

 Margaret claimed dower in the fourth part of the 

 manor.' 7> 



RawclifFe gave a name to some of the earlier 

 tenants, who with others were benefactors of Cocker- 

 sand Abbey. 73 Warine de Cornay, one of them, in 

 1246 claimed certain land from the Abbot of 

 Cockersand. 74 



T4RN4CRE or Trenacre also was used as a 

 surname. The same abbey received land from 

 William de Tarnacre, with his body, and from Alice 

 his widow and Alan his son. 7 ' About 1270 the 

 abbot and canons agreed with Thomas son of Adam 

 de Inskip as to an exchange of land, 76 and other 

 Inskips appear later in the township. 77 Alan son of 

 William de Tarnacre and others gave land to Lytham 

 Priory 78 and to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. 79 



* Prntm Guild R. (Rec. Soc. L;,nct. 

 and Chci.), 54. They were ilo enrolled 

 in 1622 ; ibid. 78. 



* Tram. Hut. SK. (new ier.), xxiv, 178. 

 About the tame time he paid 10 for 

 haying refuted knighthood ; Afiit. (Rec. 

 Soc. Lane*, and Clio.), i, 121. 



" Index tfRojalitn (Index Soc.), 41. 



" Caitlemain, Calk. Apology, it quoted 

 by Challoner. Their namei are given at 

 William, Thomai and Edward in Gillow, 

 BUI. Diet. t/Engl. Cath. IT, 53. 



61 Rijraliit Camp. Papers (Rec. Soc. 

 Lane*, and Che*.), ir, 46. 



M To a fine of 1656 retpecting the 

 manor of Upper Rawcliffe the following 

 were partie* : Plaintiffs Richard White- 

 bead and Jamet Taylor ; Deforciantt 

 Edward Tyldcilev, William Kirkby, 

 Edward Kirkby, George Wcstby, Ralph 

 Longworth, Richard Bannitter, Dorothy 

 hit wife and Jamet Curwen ; Pal. of 

 Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 159, m. 93. 

 Richard Whitehead acquired other landt ; 

 Laid, tnd C/ifi. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanci. 

 and Chet.), i, 33. 



u See the account! of Claughton and 

 Forton and the pedigree in Fiihwick, 

 Garitmg (Chet. Soc), ii, 254. 



Thomat Whitehead wat vouchee in a 

 recovery of the manor* of Rawcliffe and 

 Tarnacre in 1724; Pal. of Lane. Plea 

 R. (21, m. 4d. Richard Whitehead wit 

 lord of the manor of Upper Rawcliffe and 

 Tarnacre in 1794; Prriin GnarJ. Lac. 

 Notei, no. 1 129. 



** See the fine above cited. 



* Fiihwick, op. cit. 165-7, from 

 which the later detcent hai been taken. 



* Cat. Com. fir Comf. iv, 3138, where 

 hit retidence it called ' Ratcliffe Hall'; 

 Indtx of Rojraliin, 44. 



* Dugdale, f/iiV. (Chet. Soc.), 332. 



70 Ettcourt and Payne, Exgl. Cath. 

 Novjurori, 128. 



'" Fithwick, St. Michaeri-m-Wyrt, 

 167. Bainet mention! a 'gateway half 

 pulled down,' a tecret place formerly used 

 at a chapel and a priett't hole. The gate- 

 way had ditappeared when Fiihwick 

 wrote in 1891. 'On pulling down the 

 old houte a tecret room wat diicovered. 

 The chapel wat ia what it now a bed- 

 room on the third ttory ' ; ibid. 



" Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v, no. 21. 



" Pal. of Lane. Settional Paper*, bdle. 4. 



n CocktrianJ Chartul. (Chet. Soc.), i, 

 178-83. The benefacton were William 

 ton of Alan de Rawcliffe, William ton of 

 Alan de Tarnacre (perhapt the tame 

 perton), William ton of Simon de Raw- 

 cliffe, Warine dc Cornay, Thomai ton of 

 Robert de Rice, Adam and William ion* 

 of Richard. One of the giftt wat of half an 

 oxgang of land, of which Richard ton of 

 William de Ireland wat tenant at 1 iJ. rent. 



Among the place-namei are North- 

 breck, Old Goredale, Kirkflat, War- 

 oigang, Tunttead, Swineland, Dunandet- 

 pool on the Wyre and Serletcaletpool. 



14 Attize R. 404, m. 4 d. ; he did not 

 protecute. 



" CocktruxJ Ckartul. i, 147-5 ' Other 

 benefacton were William ton of Alan dc 

 Wath and Richard de Tarnacrr. The 

 place-namei include Kirkcroft, Priestpot 

 and Clcanfield. 



" Ibid. 251-2. The canon* gave an acre 



271 



in Kilncroftfield for an tuart adjoining 

 their land and that of Roger de Wedacre. 



77 In 1288 Agnei daughter of Adam 

 de Inilcip complained that Richard aon of 

 Adam de Inskip had diiteiied her of half 

 an oxgang of land ; Aiiite R. 1277, m. 

 31. Agnei daughter of Richard de Inikip 

 wai plaintiff in 1301 ; ibid. 1321, m. 8 d. 

 William ion of Adam ion of Richard de 

 Inikip claimed 8 acrei of land in 1351 ; 

 Duchy of Lane. Aiiize R. I, m. 5 d. 



** Alan gave the monki of Durham 

 z acrei on the eait of Morbreck and all 

 hii land called Culnityde (Kilnitead), 

 with casement! in Rawcliffe and Tarn- 

 acre ; Lytham D. at Durham, ia, 2ae, 4ae > 

 Ebor. no. 52. He give Lytham alio an 

 oxgang of land in Rawcliffe, formerly that 

 of Richard ton of Alan, in pure almi ; 

 ibid. no. 54. 



Warine de Cornay gave the monki an 

 acre and a perch in Rawcliffe ; Lathbutt, 

 Nethcrficld and the mill are mentioned | 

 ibid. no. 5 3. 



Among the tame charter* it one from 

 William ion of Alan de Romecliue 

 ( f Rouecliue) to hit brother Richard, 

 granting 2 oxgang* of land formerly held 

 by Gamrl and Walter ton of Hartholf, 

 at a rent of +oJ. At 'genum' 401. wa* 

 given. The fiihery and demrane were 

 eicepted, and in exchange for that part 

 of the appurtenance! lying in Holebrook 

 Richard wai to have two nulgnn (teliont) 

 in Northfurlong ; ibid. no. 55. 



n Landmf ihr HojpitalleninRawclirVr, 

 Tarnacre and Sowerby are mentioned in 

 1292 t flat, at Qui Ifirr. (Rec. Com.), 

 375- 



