SYNGEN. -POLYGAM. /EQUAL. 237 



** Leaves sessile. 



3. Cn. arvensis (creeping Thistle), leaves sessile pinnatifid spi- 

 nous, stem panicled, involucre ovate, scales appressed mucro- 

 nated. Lightf. p. 449 (Serratula arv.). E. B. t. 975 (Car- 

 dims arv.). 



HAB. Fields and by way-sides, too abundant. Fl. July. If. . 

 One foot to three feet high. Stems angular, but not winged. 



4. Cn. eriophorus (woolly -I leaded Thistle), leaves sessile pinna- 

 tifid every other segment pointing upwards spinous scabrous, 

 involucres sphserical woolly. Lightf. p. 454, and E. B. .386 

 (Carduus erioph.). 



HAB. Road-sides, &c., but rare. Sea-side between Blackness and 

 the Queensferry ? Sibbald. Road-side near Oxenford Castle and 

 Chesterhall, 9 m. from Edinb., Maugh. Dumbarton Castle ? Mr. 

 Murray. Appin, Capt. Carmichael. Fl. July. $ . 



Stems much branched, 3 feet high, the stoutest of the genus furrowed. 

 Leaves acuminated, white, and downy beneath; the lobes alternately 

 pointing upwards and downwards, and terminated with sharp spines. 

 Involucre very large j its scales linear, mucronate, very much in- 

 terwoven with a woolly substance. 



5. Cn. heterophi/llus (melancholy Thistle), leaves arnplexicaul 

 lanceolate ciliato-dentate undivided or laciniated white and 

 downy beneath, flowers mostly solitary. Lighlf. p. 456 (Car- 

 dims heterophyllus), and p. 467 (Carduus helenioides) . jE. B. 

 t. 675 (Carduus hcteroph.). 



HAB. Marshy places and on wet hills, especially in the Highlands. 

 Rosslyn and Auchindenny woods, Maugh. Daldowie, near Glasg., 

 Dr. Brown. Fl, July. J/ . 



Two to three feet high. Stems striated, and, as well as the underside 

 of the leaves, covered with a white, cottony down. Leaves mostly- 

 radical, and these petiolated. Involucre oblong, dark green ; its 

 scales lanceolate, acuminate, but not spiny. 



6. Cn. pratensls (Meadow Thistle}, leaves sessile lanceolate 

 waved at the edge and unequally spinous pubescent cottony 

 beneath, flowers mostly solitary. E. B. t. 1/7. 



HAB. Moist pastures in Loch-na-daal, Isla, Dr. Walker. I think Mr. 

 Murray brought an indifferent specimen of it from A^ran. Fl. July. 



About 1 f. high. Leaves waved, toothed and spiny. Flower solitary ? 

 scales of the involucre with short spines, lanceolate, closely imbri- 

 cated. 



7. Cn. acaulis (dwarf Thistle), stemless, involucre glabrous. 

 Lightf. p. 458, and E. B. t. 161 (Carduus acaulis). 



HAB. Dry pastures, but not common. Fl. July. 3/ . 



Leaves spreading, close to the ground, oblong, pinnatifid; the segments, 

 lobed and spinous, glabrous. From the centre of these leaves, 

 arises 1 sessile, deep purple flower. Involucre obovato-cylindrical R 

 imbricated with closely placed, appressed, lanceolate, acute, green- 

 ish scales, not spinous'. 



