ACOTYLEDONS. LICHENS. Spiloma. 35 



43. HIMANTIA. 



Creeping, hairy, with branching fibres. 

 J. H. Candida* epiphyllous delicate white somewhat feathery 



and dilated at the extremity. Pers. p. 704. Nees von Esen- 



leck, t. 5./. 72. Byssus Candida, Lightf. p. 1003. Fibril- 



laria stellata, Sow. t. 387. /. 1. 

 HAB. On rotten leaves and damp decaying wood,, in autumn and 



winter, Lightf. 



ORDER II. LICHENS. Ach. 



c/L Lichenes, and part ofHypoxyla, Decand. Part 

 of Alga? , Juss. Genus Lichen, and some Byssi, Linn.) 



Universal recept. (thallus, crust o\ frond,} polymorphous, without 

 roots, perennial, abounding in excessively minute bodies for 

 the purposes of propagation, either imbedded in the substance 

 or scattered upon its surface, or included in peculiar organs, 

 which have been considered the fruit (partial receptacles, or apo- 

 thecia, by some called shields, or sculella, and tubercles). Ach. 



Vegetation. The Lichens bear a closer affinity to the Fungi 

 than to any other order. Sometimes they are formed of a 

 simple, pulverulent crust or frond, sometimes membranous, co- 

 riaceous, gelatinous, lobed,and variously branched ; at all times 

 destitute of leaves. They present various colours, not unfre- 

 quently tending to green. 



Div. I. IDIOTHALAMI. Lichens whose Apothecla are formed of 

 a substance distinct from the Thallus, and different from it 

 in colour. 



SECT. I. HOMOGENEI. Apothecia simple, entirely formed of 

 a nearly uniform pulverulent or cartilaginous sulstance. 



A. Apoihecla destitute of a raised margin. 



1. SPILOMA. 



Universal receptacle crustaceous, spreading, plane, adnate, uni- 

 form. Partial recept. composed of minute granules collected 

 into a compact, homogeneous^ subpulverulent, naked, variously 

 shaped, coloured mass. 



1. S. tumidulum, crust somewhat cartilaginous whitish, apo- 

 thecia crowded turnid oblong varying in figure roughish red- 

 dish at length brownish black and somewhat pruinose. Ach* 

 Syn. Lich.*p. 1. E.B.t. 2151. 



HAB. On the bark of trees,, occasionally, Hopk. 



" Aclmrii Synopsis Methodica Lichenum" whose arrangement and 

 characters are here, with few exceptions, adopted. 



[c2] 



