MONOCOTYLEDONS. 161 



which are roughish tetragonal, fertile ones erect simple their 



sheaths cylindrical inciso-dentate. Lightf. p. 647. E..B.J.2020. 

 HAB. Wet meadows and corn-fields, frequent, flowering early in May. 



Considered very prejudicial to land, and injurious to cattle which 



occasionally eat it. 

 2. E.jluviatile, sterile stems with very numerous simple branches 



which are roughish octagonal, fertile ones simple, the sheaths 



infundibuliform lacerato-dentate, their teeth setaceous. Lightf. 



p. 649. E. B. t. 2022. 

 HAS. Shady marshes and the brinks of stagnant waters ; flowering 



May, June. Three feet, or more, high, the stems very broad, the 



branches most numerous and erecto-patent. 



3. E. sylvaticum, sterile and fertile stems with their branches 

 compound roughish deflexed four-sided, branchlets subtrique- 

 trous. Lightf. p. 646. E. B. t. 1874. 



HAB. Woods, hedge-banks, and moist shady places. 



4. E. limosum, stems branched upwards, with the branches about 

 12 in a whorl simple pentagonous smooth, spike or catkin ter- 

 minal. Lig/iff. p. 648. 



HAB. Lakes and ditches, frequent. 



5. E. palustre, stemsbranched glabrous sulcate, branches simple 

 pentagonous, spike terminal. Lightf. p. 648. E. B. t. 2021. 



HAB. Ditches and wet soils, frequent. 



6. E. variegatum, stems naked very rough branched at the base, 

 sheaths black with white membranous lanceolate teeth, spike 

 terminal. E. B. t. 1987. 



HAB. Sands of Barry, in Angus-shire, G. Don. 



7. E. hyemale, steins simple erect very rough bearing spikes at 

 the extremity, sheaths whitish black at the base and summits, 

 teeth aristate deciduous. Lightf. p. 650. E. B. .915. 



All the Equiseta or Horse-tails are very rough to the touch - } their bark 

 abounds in silex, and they are thus admirably suited to the polish- 

 ing of hard woods, ivoiy, brass, c. This is, however, by far the 

 most preferable kind, and is imported largely from Holland for that 

 purpose, under the name of Dutch rushes. In Northumberland, 

 Lightfoot tells us, the daiiy-maids employ it to scour and clean 

 their milk-pails. 



CLASS i II. MONOCOTYLEDONS. Juss. 



(Endorhizce Rich. Monocotyledonece or Endogenece Decand.) 



Fruct. Emlryo with one Cotyledon; or, if with two, then the 

 additional cotyledon is smaller and alternate with the larger. 

 Plumule usually inclosed in the body of the Emlryo, which it 

 perforates laterally as soon as germination commences, and gene- 



w 



