DICOTYLEDONS. VALERIANE/Ei. 245 



"*"* Flowers ijellow. 



3. A. tomcntosa, leaves bipinnatifid woolly, the segments crowd- 

 ed linear acute, corymbs repeatedly compound, p. 248. Hilly 

 pastures. 



ORDER XXXIII. DIPSACE.E. J-uss. 



Cal. adherent with the ovary, naked or calculated. Cor. regu- 

 lar or irregular, 4 5-cleft. Anthers free. Ovary \. Style 

 simple. Stigma simple or tririd. Pericarp indehiscent, 1- 

 celled, 1 -seeded. Seed pendulous. Embryo straight, sur- 

 rounded by a thin albumen. 



Stems herbaceous. Leaves usually opposite, sometimes whorled. 

 Flowers generally capitate. Receptacle paleaceous. Mirb. 



1. DIPSACUS. 



Involucre many-leaved. Cal. double ; ext. very minute ; int. 

 cup-shaped, entire. Cor. 4-lobed. Stam. 4. Receptacle 

 chaffy, spinous. Pericarp angular, crowned with the double cat. 



1. D. Fullonum, leaves subconnate, scales of the receptacle 

 hooked at the extremity, involucres spreading (reflexed, Sm.). 

 p. 49. Waste places, rare. 



2. D. sylvestris, leaves opposite rarely connate, scales of the re- 

 ceptacle straight, involucres curved upward, p. 49. Waste 

 places. 



3. D.pilosus, leaves petiolate with a small leaflet at the base on 

 each side, involucres short deflexed. p. 49. Hedges. 



2. SCABIOSA. 



Involucre many-leaved. Cal. double, variously cut. Cor. 4 5- 

 lobed. Stam. 4-5. Receptacle chaffy or naked. Pericarp 

 crowned with the enlarged double cal., of which the ext. is 

 membranaceous ; the int. feathery or bristly. 



1. S. succisa, corollas 4 -cleft, their segments equal, cauline leaves 

 subdentate, head of flowers nearly globose, p. 49. Pastures. 



2. S. arvensis, corollas 4-cleft radiating, stem hispid branched, 

 stem -leaves pinnatifid (often) cut. p. 50. Corn-Jields. 



3. S. columbaria, corollas 5-cleft radiating, stem hairy, radical 

 leaves oblongo-ovate and crenate or lyrate, those of the stem 

 pinnatifid with linear segments, p. 50. Dry pastures. 



ORDER XXXIV. VALERIANE/E. DecamL 



Cc/l adherent with the ovary, sometimes pappose and rolled in- 

 wards, sometimes toothed and erect. Cor. tubular, 5-lobed 3 



