CLASS V. ORDER II. J BERULA. 371 



recommended the same plan of obviating the evil, and the careful 

 removal of all the plants of the Cowbane from his meadows, which 

 was followed, and produced the same happy results. 



GENUS LX. BERU'LA. KOCH. Berula. 



GEN. CHAR. Calyx margin of five teeth. Petals obcordate, with an 



indexed point. Fruit ovate, laterally contracted. Disk shortly 



conical, with a narrow margin. Styles reflexed. Carpels with 



five equal filiform ridges, the lateral ones before the margin. 



Channels with many vittce. Albumen roundish. General and 



partial involucre of several reflexed lanceolate or pinnate segments. 



1. B. angusti'folium, Koch. (Fig. 435.) narrow-leaved Berula, or 



Water Parsnip. Stem erect; leaves pinnate ; leaflets unequally cut 



and serrated ; umbels pedunculated opposite the leaves ; involucre 



frequently pinnatifid. 



Sium angustifolium. English Botany, t. 139. English Flora, vol. 

 ii. p. 56. Hooker, British Flora, vol. i. p. 130. Lindley, Synopsis, 

 p. 121. 



Roots slender, fibrous, branched, in numerous whorls from the joints 

 of the long creeping underground stems. Flowering stems erect, 

 round, or somewhat angular, striated, smooth, much branched and 

 leafy above, from one to two feet high. Leaves alternate, simply 

 pinnate, quite smooth, footstalks striated, with a much dilated thin 

 membranous margin sheathing the stem. Leaflets opposite, in about 

 eight pairs, and a terminal three-cleft one, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 

 those on the lower leaves more distant, with the margins deep and 

 irregularly cut or lobed, and unequally serrated, those of the upper 

 leaves narrower, more crowded, finer, and more regularly serrated. 

 Umbels on short footstalks opposite the leaves, the general of numerous 

 unequal angular slender rays, and the partial of short mostly crowded 

 ones. General involucre of about six segments, which are simply 

 lanceolate, or cut and not unfrequently pinnated, the partial of about 

 six lanceolate spreading segments, seldom cut or pinnated. Flowers 

 white. Calyx margin of five small teeth, shortly withering after 

 flowering, and falling away. Petals inversely heart-shaped, or some- 

 what obovate, with a mid-rib and small inflexed point. Stamens with 

 long slender filaments and small round anthers. Fruit crowned with 

 the conical disk, and the short reflexed styles with small dark obtuse 

 stigmas, ovate, the sides contracted, smooth. Carpels with five equal 

 filiform ridges, the lateral ones placed before the margins. Channels 

 with many vitlce, the villa; covered with a thick leathery pericarp. 

 Albumen on a transverse section, roundish. 



VOL. I. 3 c 



