CLASS XV. ORDER I.J CRAMBE. 871 



fumiculus. Cotyledons thick, condnplicate, deeply emarginate. 

 (c Fig. 3. page 872.) Name from x ? a/*/3n, of the Greeks. 

 1. C, mariti'ma, Linn. (Fig. 1005.) Sea Kale. Longer filaments 

 toothed ; silicules pointless ; leaves roundish, sinuated, waved and 

 toothed, glaucous, and as well as the stem smooth. 



English Botany, t. 924. English Flora, vol. iii. p. 184. Hooker, 

 British Flora, ed. 4. vol. i. p. 246. Lindley, Synopsis, p. 34. 



Root large, thick, fleshy, much divided towards the top. Stems 

 mostly several, from one to two feet high, round, smooth, branched, 



are in pairs opposite the placenta! sepals, [\\tjilaments are free, sometimes partly 

 united or toothed on their inner sides. Disk small, sometimes supporting the 

 germen, at others forming nectariferous glands between the petals, stamens, 

 and germen. Germen formed of two or four united carpels, with parietal 

 placenta, mostly meeting in the middle, and forming a spurious dissepiment, 

 rendering it two celled, ovules one or many. The sty'e is short when the germen 

 is long, and long when the germen is short. Sttgmas two, opposite the placenta. 

 Fruit a one or spuriously two celled selique. Seeds one, two, or many, mostly 

 pendulous, in a single row on each side of the placenta ; they are without 

 albumen, and the testa is thickish, subcoriaceous, the embryo is curtcrl, the 

 radicle round or subconical, and turned towards the hilum; the cotyledons are 

 variously folded on the radical, and are foliaceous in germination. 



According to De Candolle Regni Vegetababilis, v. 2, p. 143, the species 

 distributed geographically, exclusive of those that are uncertain or common to 

 several different countries, about 100 are found in the southern hemisphere, and 

 about 800 in the northern, or 91 in the new, and the rest in the old world ; or 

 according to their distribution with regard to temperature they are 



In the frigid zone of the northern hemisphere 205 



In all the tropical, and chiefly in mountainous regions 30 



In the temperate 20ne /ofthe northern hemisphere... 5481 634 



\ofthesouthernhemisphere... 86 f 



These calculations serve to give a general idea (though probably far from a 

 correct one) of the manner in which the order is distributed over the different 

 regions of the globe. 



According to the Linnaean system, the genera of this order are subdivided into 

 two the Siliquosa and the Siliculosa which is sufficiently convenient for a 

 small number of plants, but not for the number of 138 genera that are now 

 known, and more recent divisions have been established upon the difference in 

 the doubling of the cotyledons, and the position of the radicle with respect to 

 them. 



The cotyledons are, for the most part, two in number, and when the radicle is 

 curved up and lies upon the edges of both of them, they are said to be 

 accvmbent ; but when the radicle is curved up and lies upon the side of one of 

 the cotyledons, they are said to be incumbent. The sub-orders which have been 

 established upon this principle are 



1. PI-EURORHIZE^E. (Fig. 1.) a Cotyledons flat, with an accutnbent radicle, 

 seeds compressed ; b a transverse section of the same, 

 , to show the radicle lying upon the edges of the two 

 ' '' cotyledons ; c the symbol by which this seed is indi- 

 cated, the ring indicating the section of the radicle 

 and the two lines, the relative position of the coty- 

 ledons. 



