17 



(5) Checking of evaporation from the soil, the low growing creeping 

 pulses, shading thejsurface. 



(c) Leguminous plants like pulses feed the soil with nitrogen. 



(d) The produce of mixed crops of wheat and gram or barley and 



gram are reaped together. The grain is not separated but 

 ground together, and the resulting flour is an excellent 

 food. 



35. 



Kharif pulses. 



Gwar, synonym gwara. 



The kharif pulses with the exception of gio&r belong to the 



sub-division Phaseolae of the natural 

 order Leguminosae, and the three 

 principal ones, moth, mask and <mung are included in the genus Phaseolus, 

 from which the sub-division takes its name. Giodr belongs to the same natural 

 order, but to a different sub-division, Jalegese. 



36. Cyamopsis Psoralioides : natural order, Leguminosce. For botanical 



description see Fuller and Duthie's Field 

 and Garden Crops, part II, page 24, 

 and plate XXXV. 



It is an important fodder crop in the districts of the Punjab formerly 

 included in the United Provinces. It is suited to light sandy soil, and is 

 usually sown alone, but is sometimes mixed with bajra. It is considered to 

 be a good crop to follow cotton or chart, because " the leaves appear to act as 

 manure on the soil and to prepare it for a subsequent rabi " (Hissar Gazetteer, 

 page 170). No doubt, like other leguminous crops, it feeds the soil with nitrogen. 

 The grain is very rich in albuminoids, the chemical composition being 



Water 



Albuminoids 



Starch 



Oil 



Fibre 



Ash 



Per cent. 



11-8 

 29-8 

 46-2 

 14, 

 7-7 

 3-1 



But it is considered coarse and produces flatulence, and both grain and 

 leaves and stalks are given to the bullocks. The grain is either boiled or 

 coarsely ground and given dry. The dry straw is useless, but the green plant is 

 cut and chopped up and given to bullocks. The broken pods, called palosi, left 

 on the threshing floor, make good fodder. 



After gram, gwdr is the most important pulse in Eohtak, Gurgaon and 

 Delhi. The average in these three districts in 1910-11 was 



Delhi ... ... ... 37,079 



Kohtak ... ... ... ... -. 59,825 



Gurgaon ... ... ... 67,138 



37. Cajanus Indicus; var. U-color : natural order Leguminoste.~$(n 



botanical description see Field and Gar- 



Arhar, synonyms dangrf (Gujrat), bhart (Simla), den Cl'OpS, part II, page 20, and plate 

 dhingra, kundi (Kangra). XXXIV. 



The chemical composition of the unhusked grain is similar to that of 

 gram, but it is difficult to digest 



Per cent. 



Water 



Albuminoids 



Starch 



Fat 



Fibre 



Ash 



13-3 



17-1 



55-7 



2-6 



7-5 



3-8 



In the United Provinces this tall pulse is a very important fodder crop and 

 is usually grown mixed witbjowdr, bdjra, or cotton. The cultivation and uses 



