20 



leaves are not indented ; it throws out no runners ; and the grain is white; 

 The other two kinds throw out runners ; the leaves of jhijru are indented ; those 

 of gardra are not. The grain of jhijru is white with black spots ; of gardfa 

 black with white spots. " Jhijru is evidently the typical phaseolus aconitifolius, 

 which derives its specific name from the fact that its leaves are deeply cut, 

 like those of the aconite plant. Moth is a crop of the uplands and is not 

 common in riverain tracts. It grows well in very sandy land, and the most 

 typical association is bdjra and moth, but it is also mixed with chari. In 

 Gurgaon a variety called gora moth is the pulse usually mixed with cotton, 

 as it spreads and does not climb. Moth is also sown alone or mixed with mung. 

 In the low hills of the Rawalpindi district it is grown on sloping stony rakar 

 soil. Like mash and mung it suffers from heavy autumnal rains. 



The prejudices against the use of moth as a food for men which exist 

 in the United Provinces do not appear to extend to the Punjab. In fact 

 in Ferozepore khichri or porridge of moth and bdjra is a common dish for the 

 evening meal, and moth, bdjra and jowdr form in the cold weather the staple 

 foods of the people. But generally its grain is less esteemed than that of 

 mash or mung, and much more of it is given to live stock and more especi- 

 ally to horses, than is spared from the two other pulses. The main use of 

 moth is as a fodder crop, and as that it is held in high esteem. Cut green, 

 when the seed is still unripe (gharar in Jullundur) it is an excellent food for 

 horses, and the grain is given to them as a substitute for gram. " Boiled 

 and mixed with crude sugar it is considered unsurpassed for getting horses 

 and bullocks at the end of the cold weather into what natives look 

 upon as good condition " (Purser, quoted on page 160 of Jullundur 

 Gazetteer). In Lahore some is sown early in the hot weather at the same time 

 as the hdru jowdr and sometimes mixed with it. This is known as babul moth 

 (Lahore Gazetteer, page 163). The bhiisn of moth is a first class fodder for 

 cattle, the leaves and the broken pods and stalks being all valuable. In Hissar 

 the straw is given to camels, and in Attock they are given green moth. 



Moth is in the Punjab the most important of the group mash, mung> 

 and moth. 



In 1910-11 the areas sown were - 



Moth. 

 Mung 

 Mask 



Acres. 



595,621 

 399,882 

 259,6451 



In making the calculation the areas in Rohtak and Gurgaon recorded 

 under the single heading of " mung and mash " have been divided equally 

 between the two crops. 



41. Dolichos biflorus : natural order, Leguminoscz. For botanical des- 

 cription see Food and Garden Crops, 



Kulath, synonyms raung (Hosh mrpur), Knlthi. L , TTT , . , T ___ r ^_ T * 



part III, page 2, and plate LXXXI. 

 Chemical analysis of unhusked grain 



Water 



Albuminoids 



Starch 



Oil 



Fibre ... 



Ash 



Per cent. 

 11-0 

 22-5 

 56-0 

 1-9 

 5-4 

 3-2 



This pulse is grown on poor sloping stony soils in the lower hills and 

 up to 6,000 or 7,000 feet. The grain is said to be hard and indigestible. In 

 the Murree Kahuta Assessment Report Mr. Kitchin noted that " though much 

 eaten by the poorest, (it) is eaten by no one who can get any better food." It 

 is stated in Fuller and Duthie's, Food and Garden Crops that " the plant where- 

 ever grown is highly valued as a fodder for cattle, and in some parts of the 

 Punjab it is sown in the spring solely for fodder." 



In kharif 1910 kulath was sown in 618 acres in the Simla and 3,846 

 acres in the Hoshiarpur district. In Rawalpindi and Kangra it is not shown 



