APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 



What beer 

 contains. 



which we read about in the Bible was fresh grape juice 

 used before fermentation had begun. 



107. Beer. The alcoholic drink which is most used is 

 beer. Beer is made chiefly from barley. The grain is 

 moistened, and each seed begins to grow. This turns the 

 starch of the grain to sugar. When the sprouts are about 

 half an inch in length, the grain is dried. 

 This dried grain is called malt. The malt is 

 boiled in water so as to dissolve the sugar. 

 The liquor is strained off, and hops and other 

 flavoring matters are put in. Then yeast 

 is added, for the boiling kills the yeast 

 which was there at first. Fermentation 

 takes place and changes the sugar to alco- 

 hol. Beer is about one twentieth alcohol, 

 but some is a great deal stronger. Beer, like wine, con- 

 tains some albumin, but the best beer or ale has little of 

 the food part of the grain of which it is made. Some 

 men drink three or four quarts of beer a day. This 

 makes them fat, but it does not give them strength. 



Root beer is made at home by boiling aromatic roots and 

 leaves with molasses and adding yeast to the liquor. The 

 molasses ferments and becomes alcohol. All 

 root beer has alcohol in it. 



108. Distilled liquors. When a pot of 

 alcohol and a pot of water are set upon a 

 stove together, the alcohol begins to boil 

 much sooner than the water, and is sooner 

 turned to vapor. If water and alcohol are 

 mixed together and heated, the alcohol makes 

 the largest part of the vapor, and is at last 

 driven off before half the water is gone. If this vapor 

 is collected and cooled, it becomes a liquid, and con- 



What whisky 

 contains. 



