ACIDS, ALKALIES, AND SALTS 141 



of the above acids is HC1O 3 , chloric acid. HC1O 2 is called 

 chlorous acid, and HC1O hypochlorous acid, "hypo" mean- 

 ing " under " or " lesser. " When there are two salts composed 

 of the same elements, the one with the smaller proportion 

 of the non-metallic element usually ends in ous. The one 

 with the larger proportion ends in ic. To illustrate: CuCl 2 

 is cupric chloride, and CuCl is cuprous chloride. FcCl 2 is 

 ferrous chloride, and FeCl 3 is ferric chloride. The ending 

 of a binary salt is always ide. 



Salts with more than two elements or radicals are called 

 tertiary compounds. When there are more than two salts, 

 the ending ic acid is changed to ate, for example, per-ic acid 

 is changed to per-ate; the ending ous acid is changed to ite, 

 for example, hypo-ous acid to hypo-itc. 



151. Compounds of Metals. When combined with other 

 elements, metals form compounds named generally after 

 the element with which they are united. Thus, compounds 

 with chlorine are called chlorides; with bromine, bromides; 

 and iodine, iodides. 



' The most common compounds of metals arc given in the 

 following table. 



Compounds With 



Oxygen form oxides. 



Oxygen and hydrogen form hydroxides. 



Sulphur form sulphides. 



Sulphur and hydrogen form hydrosulphides. 



Nitric acid form nitrates. 



Nitrous acid form nitrites. 



Acids of chlorine and oxygen form chlorates. 



Sulphuric acid form sulphates. 



Sulphurous acid form sulphites. 



