COMMON HAND-TOOLS 265 



and 45 for brass and soft cast iron, may be used. For very 

 fine chipping, the cutting edge may be curved slightly, as 

 shown by Fig. 124c. A small cutting angle used for cutting 

 steel would soon break, while a blunt or large angle would 

 not cut Babbitt metal but would simply tear it off. The flat 

 chisel is used for all-around chipping, snagging castings, etc. 



Figure 124, d and e, shows another common form of chisel 

 called a cape chisel. It is made of the same steel and tem- 

 pered in the same way as the flat chisel, but the point is 

 drawn down to a width of about 3/8 in. The cape chisel is 

 made wider on the cutting edge at A than it is at B to provide 

 a clearance, and keep the sides of the chisel from breaking out 

 the edges of the groove or channel which is being cut. The 

 cutting edge is ground to the same angle as on the flat chisel. 



There are four other forms of chisels used, but they are 

 not so common as the flat and cape chisels. These are the 

 gouge (Fig. 124f), the diamond-point (Fig. 124g), the round- 

 nose (Fig. 124h), and the side chisel (Fig. 124, i and j). They 

 are made of the same stock as the other chisels and tempered 

 in the same way. The diamond-point and round-nose, like 

 the cape chisel, should be made wider at the cutting edge than 

 farther back, for clearance. The round-nose is very much 

 like the cape chisel except that the cutting end is rounded 

 and the bevel is on one side only. The side chisel is ground 

 with only one bevel, like a wood chisel, but with angles just 

 the same as if it had two bevels. This chisel should also be 

 ground thinner or " backed off" near the point for clearance. 



The gouge is used for work on round corners and on all 

 concave surfaces. The diamond-point is used for cutting 

 V-shape grooves and finishing out square corners; it is 

 also used for drawing drilled holes and for cutting round 

 corners and oil grooves. 



