142 APPLIED SCIENCE 



Carbonic acid form carbonates. 

 Phosphoric acid form phosphates. 

 Arsenical agid form arsenates. 

 Silicic acid form silicates. 

 Boric acid form borates. 



Many of the compounds are found in nature; thus sul- 

 phate of calcium (CaSO 4 ) is a very common salt called 

 gypsum; oxide of iron, made up of iron and oxygen, is called 

 iron ore; and carbonate of iron (FeCO 3 ) is another form of 

 iron ore. 



Questions 



1. What are some of the common properties of an acid? 



2. Name the mineral acids. 



3. Name some organic acids. 



4. What is the composition of the so-called " pickling" solution 

 used in trades? 



- 5. Write the action of copper and nitric acid. 



6. Write the action of zinc and sulphuric acid. 



7. Explain the difference in the products formed from nitric 

 acid and a metal, and sulphuric or hydrochloric acid and a metal, 



8. Give the symbol cf oil of vitriol. 

 9. What is the composition cf a salt? 



10. How are salts formed? 



11. Give the composition of any salt. 



12. What is a base? An alkali? 



13. Why are there two names to the common acids and alkalies? 



14. Give the chemical names cf the following symbols: HBr0 3 ; 

 HC10 4 ; NaCl; HNO 3 ; HC10; K 2 S0 4 ; CuCl 2 ; FeCl 3 ; Na 2 S0 4 . 



15. The antidote or substance recommended to be taken in 

 case of poison from ammonia io lemon juice in water. Explain 

 the action. 



16. Explain the difference between "hard" water and "soft" 

 water. 



