406 APPLIED SCIENCE 



1. Western red cedar, the source of three-fourths of the shingles 

 made in the United States, is cut from lumber in Washington, 

 Oregon, and Idaho. 



2. Port Oxford cedar is cut mostly in Oregon. 



3. Northern white cedar, or arbor-vitse, is cut in the Lake states 

 and northeastern states. 



4. Incense cedar is cut in California. 



5. Southern white cedar, often called juniper, is cut in the 

 Atlantic Coast states. 



6. Red cedar is cut chiefly in Tennessee, Florida, and Alabama. 



7. Yellow cedar is usually cut in Washington. 



455. Douglas Fir. Douglas fir is cut in the western states and 

 is available in larger stands than any other single species in the 

 Vnited States. The wood is quite similar to that of long-leaf pine 

 in many of its properties and uses. It is sold under the name of 

 Douglas fir, Oregon fir, red fir, yellow fir, Douglas spruce, and 

 Washington fir. 



456. Oak. The several commercial oaks furnish the bulk of 

 hardwood lumber. The lumber trade calls all oak lumber either 

 white or red oak. These trade names are based on the appearance 

 of the two general kinds of lumber cut from oak trees, white oak 

 lumber being light in color and dense, and red oak lumber being 

 somewhat reddish and porous. Since these two kinds of lumber 

 are supplied by distinct groups of trees, the trade distinction is 

 logical. The bulk of oak lumber is cut from less than a dozen 

 species, the largest part being furnished by white oak and red oak, 

 which are common throughout the eastern states. Chestnut oak 

 and Texas red oak rank next in importance. 



The following is a list of the principal commercial oaks: 



White Oak 



1. Chestnut (or rock) oak occurs in the Appalachian Mountain 

 region. 



2. Post-oak and bur-oak have about the same range as white 

 oak, but are not so abundant. 



