LUMBER 409 



466. Ash. Three kinds of ash are important sources of lumber. 

 White ash is cut mostly in the Central states and the Northeast, 

 and to some extent in the Lake states. A great deal of the ash 

 lumber cut in the Lake states comes from the black ash, while the 

 same species is cut to considerable extent in the Northeast. Green 

 ash is the principal source of ash lumber in the southern states. 

 The lumber trade divides ash lumber into white ash and brown ash; 

 brown ash lumber comes from the black ash tree, while white ash 

 lumber is cut from the white ash and green ash tree. In the Pacific 

 Coast states, Oregon ash is sometimes cut, while red ash is used 

 to a limited extent in the east. 



467. Elm. Elm lumber is sold as soft and rock elm. White 

 elm and slippery elm are the botanical species from which soft elm 

 is obtained. White (or American) elm is found in all states east 

 of the Rocky Mountains and furnishes most of the soft elm lumber 

 sold. Slippery (or red) elm covers the eastern half of the United 

 States, and is next to white elm in importance. Cork (or true rock) 

 elm is found in the northern states, and is cut mostly in the Lake 

 states. The wing elm and cedar elm of the lower Mississippi Valley 

 are only occasionally cut for lumber. 



468. Cottonwood. Cottonwood lumber is cut from a number 

 of related species, but the common Cottonwood tree furnishes the 

 bulk. Cottonwood is found in the whole country east of the Rocky 

 Mountains, but is lumbered principally in the lower Mississippi 

 Valley, where swamp cotton wood and common cotton wood are cut. 

 Aspen, or poplar (often called popple) is cut mostly in the Lake 

 states and the Northeast, but also occasionally in the Rocky Moun- 

 tains and westward. Large-toothed aspen, an eastern species, is 

 not usually distinguished from the other. 



469. White Fir. White fir, also called balsam fir, is cut only 

 in the west. It is the principal source of white fir lumber in all the 

 western states, except Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Montana. 

 Other species, sold as white fir and therefore here included under 

 that name, are grand fir, silver fir, noble fir, red fir, and Alpine fir. 

 The cut of white fir lumber in Idaho and Montana is increasing. 



