HAND WOOD-WORKING TOOLS 



429 



495. Description of Squares. Squares are of two general 

 types the framing square and the try-square. The fram- 

 ing square (Fig. 203) consists of a long arm, usually 24 in. 

 long, called the blade, and a short arm, usually 18 in. long, 

 called the tongue, both of which are made 



from one piece of metal. One side of the 

 square is graduated to inches and frac- 

 tions of an inch; the other side bears a 

 board measure scale on the blade, and a 

 rafter measure table on the tongue. The 

 framing square is used in measuring 

 boards, testing corners, and setting the 

 bevel of boards and tools to various angles. 

 The try-square (Fig. 204) consists of 

 the blade, and a beam handle of wood or 

 steel, so attached that the edge of the 

 beam forms a right angle with the edge 

 of the blade. The blade is graduated into 

 inches and fractions of an inch. The try- 

 square is used in testing the end or edge 

 of a piece of material to see that it is 

 square with the ad joining surf ace, and also 



to test the thickness of the piece. 



FIG. 203. Steel Fram- 

 ing Square. 



496. Gauges. The marking gauge is 



a measuring instrument consisting of a beam over which a 

 head slides. The beam is graduated to inches and fractions 

 of an inch. In the head is a thick end for holding a marking 

 point, a pencil, or a spur of metal. The marking point or 

 pencil is used for laying out lines along the grain of the wood. 

 The spur, known as a slitting gauge is made sharp and strong 

 enough to cut through thin material. It is used to lay out 



