ARID AGRICULTURE. 281 



of plants, such as blights, mildew and leaf-spot. 

 It is made by dissolving four pounds of blue 

 stone (copper sulphate) in a gallon or so of hot 

 water. Slack four pounds of good quick-lime 

 in another gallon of water. Then dilute each 

 solution separately to twenty-two and one-half 

 gallons. Pour the dilute sulphate and quick- 

 lime solutions together and thoroughly mix. 

 This makes forty-five gallons of mixture ready 

 to spray. Sometimes there is more or less pre- 

 cipitate and the mixture should be strained to 

 remove any particles which might clog up the 

 spray nozzle. It is applied as a fine spray with 

 any good spray pump. Copper sulphate should 

 never be dissolved in vessels of metal. Bor- 

 deaux mixture should be used while it is fresh, 

 as it does not keep well for any length of time. 

 Often where there are both plant diseases and 

 insects the Bordeaux mixture is made into a 

 stomach poison by adding one pound of Paris 

 green or two pounds of arsenate of lead to the 

 above amount of spray. 



GRAIN SMUTS Grain smuts are' known, to all farmers, and 

 we need not describe them. Smut affects wheat, 

 oats and barley, and the treatment for ajl these 

 grain troubles is the same. For corn smut there 

 is no remedy except to prevent the soil from be- 

 coming contaminated by cutting out and de- 

 stroying the smut as soon as it appears. 



