414 ARID AGRICULTURE. 



effects of the' wind, while the roots are dormant, 

 seems to be the main cause of killing back the 

 tops of the tree. If trees or shrubs are obtained 

 in the fall, they may be heeled in by laying 

 lengthwise in deep trenches and covering the 

 whole tree with enough earth to keep it moist. 

 They should be taken out and planted where 

 wanted as soon as the frost is out of the ground 

 in the spring. If left in the pits too long, the 

 buds will start and will be so tender when set 

 out, that all will die back to the trunk and it will 

 be necessary for new buds to form if the tree 

 lives. 



Deep planting should be practiced. Trees 

 should always be put a few inches deeper than 

 they grew in the nursery. We cannot tell just 

 how far this system of deep planting can be car- 

 ried with success. One dry farmer of many 

 years' experience in Utah testifies that he 

 planted poplar trees with four feet of the trunks 

 beneath the surface of the ground. A deep 

 trench was dug to get the roots down where they 

 could reach some sub-surface moisture which oc- 

 curred in that locality, and the trench was after- 

 wards slowly filled level with the surface. He 

 said these treeshad beengrowing for many years. 

 I would never attempt to set a tree without the 

 use of water, even if I had to haul it in barrels. 

 Set the trees in the hole, cover the roots with sur- 

 face soil, tramp it down firmly and fill the re- 



