B. III.] THE HISTORY OF ANIMALS. 51 



left to tlie right. That from the left, through the liver to 

 the kidney and the testicle ; that from the right to the spleen, 

 the kidney, and the testicle, and from thence to the penis." 



4. Diogenes 1 of Apollonia writes thus : " The veins are 

 thus placed in man. There are two very large ones, which 

 extend through the stomach by the spine of the back, one 

 to the right and the other to the left, each to the leg nearest 

 itself, and upwards to the head by the collar-bone, and through 

 the neck. Prom these great veins others extend through the 

 whole of the body, from the right to the right side, and from 

 the left to the left side. The largest are two from the heart, 

 surrounding the spine of the back ; and others, a little higher 

 up, through the breasts under the arm-pits, each to the hand 

 nearest itself ; and the one is called the splenetic, the other 

 the hepatic vein. 



5. " The extremity of these veins is divided, one branch 

 goes to the thumb, and another to the wrist, and from these 

 many small branches are extended upon each hand, and the 

 fingers ; and others, smaller still, branch off from these first 

 veins, from the right side to the liver, from the left to the 

 spleen and kidneys. The veins, which go to the legs, are 

 divided near the junction, and extend through the whole 

 thigh ; but the largest of these extends to the back of the 

 thigh, and appears thick ; another, less thick, passes through 

 the inside of the thigh, and afterwards veins extend by the 

 knee to the leg and foot. As on the hands, they are distri- 

 buted upon the tarsus of the foot, and from thence to the toes. 



6. " A number of small veins are distributed on the 

 stomach and the lungs. Those $>hat extend to the head, 

 through the jugular region, appear large in the neck. Erom 

 the extremity of each of these many veins are distributed 

 upon the head, some on the right side to the left, others on 

 the left side to the right, they all end near the ear. And 

 there is a second vein upon the neck on each side, some- 

 what less than the other, to which the principal veins of 

 the neck are united. These pass inwards, through the 

 neck, and from each of them veins pass beneath the 

 shoulder-blade and to the hands ; and near the splenetic and 



1 Diogenes of Apollonia -was an eminent natural philosopher of Crete, 

 in the fifth century B.C. He wrote a work, wtpt <f>vfftw, in which he 

 treated of natural philosophy in the widest sense of the words: a few frag- 

 ments are still extant, of which this quoted by Aristotle is the longest. 



