B. IT.] THE HISTOET OF ANIMALS. 75 



the teuthis, for the extremity of the teuthos is wider ; and, 

 again, the fin is placed round the whole abdomen, but it is 

 wanting in the teuthis. It is a marine animal, as well as 

 the teuthis. After the feet, the head of all these animals is 

 placed in the middle of the feet, which are called tentacula ; 

 one part of this is the mouth, in which are two teeth ; above 

 these are two large eyes ; between these is a small cartilage, 

 containing a small brain. 



10. In the mouth is a small piece of flesh, for these animals 

 have no tongue, but use this instead of a tongue. After 

 this, on the outside, the abdomen is apparent. The flesh of 

 this can be divided, not in a straight line, but in a circle. 

 All the malacia have a skin around this part. After the 

 mouth, they have a long and narrow oesophagus ; and con- 

 tinuous with this is a large round crop, like that of a bird ; 

 this contains the stomach, like a net. Its form is spiral, 

 like the helix of a whelk ; from this a thin intestine turns 

 back, to the vicinity of the mouth. The intestine is thicker 

 than the stomach. 



11. The malacia have no viscus, except that which is 

 called the mytis, 1 and the ink which is upon it. The most 

 abundant and largest of all is that of the sepia ; all ex- 

 clude this ink, when alarmed, but especially the sepia ; the 

 mytis lies beneath the mouth ; and through this the oeso- 

 phagus passes ; and where the intestine turns back the ink 

 is beneath, and the same membrane surrounds both the ink 

 and the intestine. The same orifice serves for the emission 

 of the ink and the faeces. 



12. There are some appearances of hair 2 in their bodies ; 

 the sepia, teuthis, and teuthos, have a hard part upon the 

 forward part of the body ; the one is called sepium (the 

 bone of the cuttle-fish), the other xiphus (the pen of the 

 1 oli go) . These two are different ; for that of the sepia is 

 strong and wide, partaking of the nature of spine and bone, 

 and it contains a spongy, friable substance ; but the pen of the 

 teuthis is thin, and cartilaginous. In their form also they 

 correspond with the differences of the animals themselves. 



1 Kohler supposes the part called by Aristotle mytis to have been 

 the glandular appendages on the vena cava and two visceral veins. 

 (Owen in Todd's Cyclopedia of Anatomy, Art. Cephalopoda^) 



2 Probably the branchia. 



